Carprofen (Rimadyl®) for Dogs: Uses and Side Effects | PetMD
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Carprofen (Rimadyl®) is a prescription nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that veterinarians commonly prescribe to relieve pain and inflammation in dogs. It’s most often used to manage osteoarthritis and provide pain relief after surgery.
Here’s how carprofen for dogs works, when it’s prescribed, possible side effects, and important dosing and safety information.
Key Takeaways
- Carprofen (Rimadyl®) helps relieve pain, inflammation, and fever in dogs.
- It's commonly prescribed for osteoarthritis and pain after surgery.
- Give carprofen exactly as directed by your veterinarian, preferably with food if stomach upset occurs.
- Watch for vomiting, diarrhea, decreased appetite, or behavior changes while your dog is taking carprofen.
- Routine blood work may be recommended during long-term treatment.
What Is Carprofen Used for in Dogs?
Carprofen is a prescription nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that veterinarians use to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and lower fever in dogs.
It is most commonly prescribed to treat osteoarthritis (OA) and manage pain after surgery.
Brand names: The FDA-approved form of carprofen is commonly available under the brand name Rimadyl®. Other brand names include Carprieve®, Novox®, Carpaquin®, Quellin®, Vetprofen®, and Carprovet®.
Compounded Carprofen for Dogs
In some cases, your veterinarian may recommend a compounded formulation of carprofen if an FDA-approved product is not the best option for your dog.
Compounded medications may be prescribed when:
- Your dog has difficulty taking the commercially available formulation.
- The required dosage strength is not commercially available.
- Your dog is allergic to an ingredient in the FDA-approved medication.
Compounded medications are not FDA-approved. They are prepared by a veterinarian or licensed pharmacist to meet an individual patient's specific needs.
Your veterinarian will determine whether a compounded formulation is appropriate for your dog.
How Carprofen Works in Dogs
Carprofen helps relieve pain by reducing inflammation in the body.
As a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), carprofen works by blocking the production of natural chemicals involved in inflammation through the body's cyclooxygenase (COX) pathways.
Some COX pathways also help support normal functions such as digestion, kidney health, and blood clotting.
In dogs, carprofen blocks more of the chemicals that cause inflammation while having less effect on the COX pathways involved in normal body functions.
As a result, it helps reduce pain and inflammation with fewer side effects than some other NSAIDs.
How To Give Carprofen for Dogs
Give carprofen exactly as directed by your veterinarian. The dose and treatment plan will be based on your dog's weight and the cause of their pain.
Administration tips:
- Follow the directions on the prescription label or those provided by your veterinarian.
- Most dogs readily take Rimadyl® chewable tablets like a treat. If needed, you can hide the tablet in a small amount of food.
- Carprofen may be given with or without food, but giving it with food may help reduce the chance of stomach upset.
- Continue giving carprofen for as long as your veterinarian recommends. Many dogs with osteoarthritis require long-term treatment.
- If your dog still appears painful or is reluctant to play, climb stairs, or jump, contact your veterinarian. Additional pain medications or adjustments to the treatment plan may be needed.
Missed a Dose?
If you miss a dose of carprofen, contact your veterinarian for guidance. In many cases, they may recommend giving the missed dose when you remember.
However, if it is almost time for your dog's next scheduled dose, they may advise skipping the missed dose and resuming the normal dosing schedule.
Do not give extra or double doses.
Carprofen Side Effects
Carprofen is generally well tolerated by dogs, but serious side effects can occur. Contact your veterinarian immediately if you notice any of the following signs:
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Decreased appetite
- Decreased energy level (lethargy)
- Dark, black, or tar-like stools
- Increased thirst
- Increased urination or accidents in the house
- Pale gums (very light pink, white, or gray)
- Yellowing of the gums, skin, or whites of the eyes
- Incoordination or weakness
- Seizures
- Behavioral changes
Serious reactions can occur without warning. However, most dogs recover if the medication is discontinued and appropriate veterinary care is provided promptly.
Human Side Effects
Carprofen is a prescription veterinary medication and is not intended for human use.
Humans should never take medication prescribed for pets, and pets should never receive medication prescribed for people.
If you accidentally ingest carprofen, contact your physician immediately or call the National Poison Control Center at 800-222-1222.
Monitoring Your Pet
Your veterinarian will often recommend routine monitoring while your dog is taking carprofen, especially during long-term treatment.
Monitoring recommendations vary based on your dog's health, the length of treatment, other medications, and the condition being treated.
The most common recommendation is routine blood work, including a complete blood count (CBC) and a chemistry panel.
When To Call Your Veterinarian
Contact your veterinarian if:
- Your dog develops side effects.
- Your dog's condition worsens or does not improve with treatment.
- You suspect your dog has received an overdose.
- You have additional questions or concerns about using carprofen.
Carprofen Overdose
A carprofen overdose is a medical emergency and requires immediate veterinary attention.
Rimadyl® chewable tablets are formulated to be highly palatable, so dogs may eat multiple tablets if they gain access to the medication, increasing the risk of an overdose.
Large overdoses can cause serious side effects and often require emergency treatment.
If you suspect your dog has received an overdose, contact your veterinarian immediately or call an animal poison control center. Consultation fees may apply.
- Pet Poison Helpline: (855) 764-7661
- ASPCA Animal Poison Control: (888) 426-4435
- Rimadyl® Manufacturer: (888) 963-8471
How To Store Carprofen for Dogs
Store carprofen according to the prescription label to help maintain its safety and effectiveness.
Storage instructions:
- Always follow the storage instructions on your dog's prescription label.
- Store Rimadyl® tablets at 59 F–86 F (15 C–30 C).
- Because Rimadyl® chewable tablets are highly palatable, store them securely out of your dog's reach to help prevent accidental overdose.
- Keep out of reach of children and pets.
Carprofen/Rimadyl for Dogs FAQs
How long does it take for Rimadyl® to start working in dogs?
Rimadyl® reaches peak blood levels within one to three hours, but it may take a few days before your dog shows noticeable improvement.
Dogs with chronic conditions such as osteoarthritis often require consistent, long-term treatment. Your veterinarian will recommend how long and how often your dog should receive carprofen based on their condition.
Is Rimadyl® bad for dogs?
No. Most dogs tolerate Rimadyl® well when it is used as directed.
However, serious side effects can occur in rare cases. Contact your veterinarian immediately if your dog develops side effects while taking Rimadyl®.
Most dogs recover if the medication is discontinued promptly and appropriate veterinary care is provided.
Is carprofen the same as ibuprofen?
No. Although both are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), carprofen is prescribed for dogs, while ibuprofen is intended for people.
Never give ibuprofen to dogs. Even small amounts can cause serious, potentially life-threatening poisoning. Your veterinarian can prescribe a safer pain medication for your dog.
Will carprofen make a dog sleepy?
No. Carprofen does not typically cause sedation or grogginess.
However, because it helps relieve pain and inflammation, your dog may appear more comfortable and rest more easily while recovering.
Is carprofen the same as Rimadyl®?
Yes. Rimadyl® is a brand name for the medication carprofen.
Can dogs take carprofen long term?
Yes. Many dogs with osteoarthritis take carprofen long term under veterinary supervision. Your veterinarian may recommend routine blood work to monitor your dog's health during treatment.
Should carprofen be given with food?
Carprofen may be given with or without food, but giving it with food may help reduce the risk of stomach upset.
No vet writer or qualified reviewer has received any compensation from the manufacturer of the medication as part of creating this article. All content contained in this article is sourced from public sources or the manufacturer.
