Equine Influenza

Sometimes referred to as the horse flu, equine influenza is one of the most widespread horse afflictions in the world. Targeting the horse's respiratory system, the influenza virus damages the lining and mucous membranes in the animal's respiratory tract in a rather short period of time. And though it affects horses of all health types, those most at risk are weaker or younger horses, especially those which are housed in poorly ventilated, closed quarters with other horses.

Once in the animal's nose, the horse flu incubates for a period of between three to five days. And then as treatment begins, it may take several weeks before the virus is eliminated from the body and the damaged mucous membranes have a chance to fully repair.

Symptoms

A horse with equine influenza has an abnormally high body temperature and nasal discharge, which is usually clear in color. Pneumonia is also frequent secondary infection for horses with this condition, as their immune systems are compromised. In severe cases of equine influenza, the horse may develop heart and liver complications.

Causes

There are several strains or subtypes of the equine influenza virus, but one of the most common flu viruses affecting horses is the Type A influenza. All flu viruses are airborne spreading from horse to horse, although some horses are only carriers of the virus, never showing any symptoms and even appearing healthy. These horses, however, are still contagious.

Diagnosis

The symptoms of equine influenza are usually fairly self explanatory. Nevertheless, your veterinarian may conduct various tests on the horse to confirm the diagnosis, including blood tests and a respiratory examination.