Poisoning by Aflatoxins in Horses

You Could Be Poisoning Your Horse with Well Intentions

There are a lot of different types of plants that have proven to be toxic to horses, and while many horse owners do take the time to research the various poisonous plants so that they can take steps to protect their horses, there are certain chemicals that have also proven to be toxic to horses. Aflatoxins are one of many different types of chemicals that have proven to be toxic to horses, and they can come in many forms. Usually produced by a type of fungus called Aspergillus flavus, aflatoxins have been found in several different types of foodstuffs, usually to the surprise of the horse owner. The Aspergillus mold is a naturally occurring fungus that proliferates in humid conditions, particularly in crops, hay, vegetation, soil, and grains.

Symptoms and Types

Acute Aflatoxin Poisoning

Severe depression
Bleeding from the nose
Ataxia (loss of coordination)
Recumbence (lying down)
Muscle spasms
Convulsions

Chronic Aflatoxin Poisoning

Weight loss
Anemia
Jaundice
Bloody nose
Blood in stool
Diarrhea
Formation of hematomas beneath the skin

Causes

Ingestion of food that is contaminated with toxic aflatoxins, such as Aspergillus flavus
Found in certain feeds that have been inadvertently contaminated
Includes: sorghum, maize, cottonseed, rice, and anything with this type of mixture in them

Diagnosis

Only your veterinarian will be able to accurately diagnose poison by aflatoxins. This is because it is not the type of chemical poisoning that causes death, at least not in most cases and not immediately. The more severe the poisoning, the more serious the symptoms are, but there is no doubt that it can get serious. If you suspect that your horse has been poisoned by something, call your veterinarian immediately for advisement. You will need to give a thorough history of your horse’s health history, recent activities, and eating habits.