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Purely Puppy is the perfect blog for puppy parents. It is written by Dr. Lisa Radosta, a board certified veterinary behaviorist in southeastern Florida, who has a great love of dogs, and a special fondness for Rottweilers.

 

Puppy Vaccinations

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February 08, 2012 / (16) comments


There is a lot of controversy nowadays about vaccinations. Which vaccinations should your puppy get? How often does your puppy need to be vaccinated? Do you really have to go back every three weeks for another vaccine? How important is all this anyway?

 

Times have definitely changed. It used to be that puppies got a lot more vaccinations than they do today. We also gave vaccinations more frequently over the lifetime of the dog than we do today. About ten years ago, we started to learn that some vaccinations instill immunity for a longer period of time than previously thought. This caused many of us to change our vaccination recommendations for our patients.

Puppies still need to be vaccinated every 2 to 3 weeks until they are 16 weeks old. The reason is the effect of maternal antibodies. Puppies receive maternal antibodies from the dam. These maternal antibodies are more powerful than any vaccination that we can give (Go Mom!). As a result, vaccinations that are given while maternal antibodies are high will be ineffective. They just won’t work. The problem is that we don’t know with any certainty when any individual dog’s maternal antibodies will drop off. They might drop off (allowing effective vaccination) at 9 weeks or at 16 weeks.

This puts the veterinarian in a race against Mom’s antibodies. To try to win the race and make sure that puppies don’t get sick or die from preventable diseases, we vaccinate puppies every 3-4 weeks until they are 16 weeks old. In this way, we can make sure that we are vaccinating them at the point when the maternal antibodies drop for that individual puppy. If you accidentally miss a scheduled three week vaccine booster, you should go to your veterinarian’s office as soon as you can to get back on schedule.

There are core vaccines and non-core vaccines. Core vaccines are those that every puppy should receive. These include Parvovirus, Rabies virus, Distemper virus and Adenovirus. Non-core vaccines include everything else. These types of vaccines are best given after 16 weeks.

Does your dog need any non-core vaccinations? That depends on where you live and what your puppy does each day. To find out the answer for your puppy, sit down with your veterinarian and have a conversation about the risks to your dog. For example, if your dog is going to dog parks, dog shows or boarding facilities, she will need a Bordetella bronchiseptica (AKA kennel cough) vaccination. If you live in the northeast, your veterinarian will most likely recommend that your pup receive a Lyme vaccine. Most vaccines, but not all, will need to be boostered (i.e., given again) to be effective in the long-term. If your veterinarian has recommended boosters, don’t assume that your puppy is safe until after the vaccination has been boostered.

Small dog owners often worry about giving multiple vaccinations at the same time. Indeed, the little ones can be susceptible to vaccine reactions when given multiple vaccinations at one time (but so can big pups, too). In cases like this, your veterinarian can split the vaccines up by giving them on different days. If that is the case, make sure to leave at least two weeks between vaccinations. You will have to make more trips to the veterinarian’s office, but whatever makes your pup safer is worth the trouble.

Don’t forget to make the vaccination procedure as low stress as possible for your pup by using great treats the entire time she is being vaccinated. For more information on how to help your pup love the veterinarian, refer to my previous column, Are You a Driver or a Passenger?, on how to make sure that your pup’s experiences at the veterinarian’s office are positive.

 

 

Dr. Lisa Radosta

 

 

Image: My Baby Brother by Cvalentine / via Flickr

 

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COMMENTS (16)
1
Boosters
by TheOldBroad on 02/08/2012 06:44am

"If you accidentally miss a scheduled three week vaccine booster, you should go to your veterinarian’s office as soon as you can to get back on schedule."

It's my understanding that the effectiveness of the initial vaccine drops of quickly. Hence, it's important to get the booster at the recommended time.

Is that true and, if so, if the booster is fairly late, should it be considered an initial vaccine with a booster at the appropriate time?

2
boosters
by VetBehDoc on 02/08/2012 11:11pm

It depends on the vaccine being used. If it is a booster for a puppy core vaccination between 8-16 weeks, they series will be continued, but not necessarily started over.
In general, if it is the initial administration of a vaccination, and the doses are more than 6 weeks apart in total, the vaccine series should be started over.

by ASDMarlene on 02/11/2012 11:26am

it does not take a "series" to produce immunity, the article explains very well why the initial puppy shots are given every few weeks, it's because of the maternal antibodies that will make vaccination ineffective if they are still present. If a puppy would never get any shots and vaccination wouldn't be started until the pup is 16 weeks or older, it doesn't need a series, all it needs is one shot to produce immunity. Once a dog has antibodies, any further vaccination for the same disease will not create more immunity. I really wonder why veterinarians never recommend doing a titer a few weeks after vaccination was done to confirm that the dog had an adequate response. Well, I shouldn't say never, I recently had a young vet suggest it, I thought "wow, somebody who understands how this works".

by VetBehDoc on 02/13/2012 01:52pm

Thank you for your comment. There is some truth to your comment, but it is not completely accurate. As I wrote the response to you, I realized that I had written an entire blog post. So, the answer to your comment will be this week's blog.

Thanks for the inspiration!!

3
good lord
by rockjdog on 02/14/2012 10:59am

What happened? I'm gone for three weeks and everything has changed? Dr R is now vetbehdoc? And if you're a vet aren’t you also a doc already? Just kidding!!!!!

My dog Rock J collapsed going down the stairs and so I have been fretting on him for the past month. About six months ago he was wobbling, like he had a couple of drinks so I asked my vet to check it out, he did the paw test and found nothing wrong so he told me, maybe Rock is just a big goofy dog and walks funny.

Guess what? Wobbling can be a symptom of hip dysplasia. I feel my doctor should have caught that.
So when Rock collapsed I took him in to my vets again and they diagnosed him with hip dysplasia and discharged him without any instructions on his after care. Yes he has all the drugs but right now I am really not happy with my vet, in fact I am very angry with him and the three lady vets there too.

At my work when the analysts and project directors and all the big mukity mucks launch a technical project sometimes it does not go off too smoothly. Everyone blusters and no one wants to accept fault. So my boss will often call me in to sort out what the problem is and the fix needed. What I do then is to gather all the facts and symptoms of the problem. I draw no conclusions in the beginning; I only consider possibilities and then test and link each fact until it leads me to the actual problem and solution. So far I have never been wrong when I reveal the cause.

I expect the same from my doctors. It seems they take one theory, test for that and if it does not fit they shrug and say it is a goofy dog.

I consider myself a great client, I do every test they suggest, I pay all my bills, I learn as much as I can about what the doctors have discussed with me, I take my dogs in as soon as I see something different or wrong, I follow their directions with medications etc. In return I expect attention and thought paid to my dog’s medical problems. I feel alone and afloat, it is hard because I can’t find much out there, either blogs about hip dysplasia (there are lots of web sites that want to sell potions) but not much coming from real owners that have helped their pet. I am trying to figure out my next step. I really don’t want to leave my vets because we have worked together for awhile and while I have kind of lost trust at least they are not an unknown.
Sorry to put this here but I have not really talked much about it yet and I am at the point where it is time to get busy and make a decision with these knuckle heads.

by TheOldBroad on 02/14/2012 06:28pm

How distressing to hear that Rock J is having problems!

Please keep us in the loop and let us know how he (and you!) is doing.

by rockjdog on 02/15/2012 09:47am

but thats the problem Old Broad, Rock has no recovery plan. I have four vets and not one has given any indication of giving a damn, they did not tell me to build a ramp or elevate his food dish or get a soft bed for him. No excercise plan, no supplimet suggestions...nothing. How can Rock get better if the plan is to do nothing? Do I have to hire another vet to look at these vets? This is not the time to abandon Rock, it is the time to step up for Rocky J!

by TheOldBroad on 02/15/2012 07:13pm

Have you considered having a specialist check him out?

I Googled Hip Dysplasia in dogs and got a lot of results. Since your regular vets are unresponsive (sounds like that's unusual), have you thought of going back or calling armed with lots of information?

by rockjdog on 02/16/2012 09:53am

Hi Old Broad,
Yes I googled it too, I went to the sites and discovered many are selling you something, a book or a supplement. There is very little written on an actual first hand recovery plan. It is basic info, nsaids, exercise, surgery. The problem is, for a lay person like myself It is easy to misunderstand what I'm reading. Its like if you had a cold and entered the symptoms in google. By the time your done reading it is possible to be convinced you have the plague. I will go to a specialist like you said. I was just shocked when Rock became crippled like that, it tears me apart and then to have really nothing to go on from my vets just made me tailspin. Thank you so much for your support.

by VetBehDoc on 02/16/2012 12:05am

Hi!!
Glad that you are back. Sorry that Rock J isn't feeling well.

Maybe I can help out?

The treatments are many for hip dysplasia.

First, you can go see an orthopedic surgeon. They are the pain specialists in veterinary medicine. They can do a good orthopedic and neurologic examination. You can find one at http://www.acvs.org/. When my dog was diagnosed with hip dysplasia, I went to a surgeon and I am a vet.

Second, your dog could also have a neurologic problem. A surgeon could figure that out for you or at least get you started.

I think that based on what you wrote, your veterinarians would like to hear how you feel. I appreciate constructive criticism. It usually changes how I do things.

Your treatments include: pain relievers, supplements, weight loss, physical therapy, acupuncture, surgery and massage therapy. Lots of options.

Hope that helps a little at least.

by rockjdog on 02/16/2012 10:06am

Thank you Dr Radosta. I had not even thought of a surgeon. At this point I don’t want Rock to have surgery so that’s why I never thought about it. But I am thinking they offer other treatments beside surgery? (I was thinking a rehab first) But now that I know the surgeon is the place to start I feel very comfortable doing that. Thank you so much, whew I feel better, it is important for me to know what I need to do. Yes I know I need to speak to my vets and let them know as a patient it is important we cover outpatient treatment (environment, exercise, suppliemts, referals and what to expect as the disease progresses and how to handle setbacks and flareups)

by VetBehDoc on 02/16/2012 10:26am

Glad I could help! Do you want me to write next week's blog on hip dysplasia and all of the possible treatments?

I am so glad that you are going to see a surgeon. I am concerned that you mentioned that RockJ also had arthritis around his spine. This is different than hip dysplasia. He may also have neurologic disease. A surgeon can sort this out. Be sure to bring all of your x-rays and medical records to the appointment. Talk to friends and your veterinarian to find a good surgeon.

Wobbly can mean lots of things. Drunken walking is generally neurologic, but to be weak and wobbly can be either neurologic or orthopedic because the muscles around the hip atrophy with disuse due to pain in the hips and the muscles of the back become tight as the body starts to try to compensate. Then, the dog will shift weight to the forelimbs. If you are unlucky, as my dog Sweetie was, and your dog has a forelimb issue as well, the dog can become very weak causing this wobbly gait or causing the dog to go down.

There is a lot of overlap between neurology and orthopedics so a very thorough exam is really a must. There is no law that says that your dog can only have a problem with one body system.

The surgeon will sort it out for you.

by rockjdog on 02/16/2012 12:13pm

Dear Dr Radosta, I would really appreciate it if you could write about hip dysplasia and treatment, as long as it does not get you into trouble with management here. Poor Sweetie, that is terrible to have issues with all four limbs.Rock does fall sometimes on the floor and then I curse myself for not helping him off the couch or bed. I also built a ramp over the stairs and elevated his food bowl. When he was eating ( after his flare up) he would only eat half or a small part of his food so I bought an elevated food dish, now he finishes his food. I actually took his first elevated bowl away when he bloated last year.

As for surgeons , I have a lot of choices, I have the animal medical center in NY ( Lady Astor told her assistants if she ever needed to go to the hospital take her to the animal medical center because they are the best hospital in NY)I have garden State vets ( they are the ones that saved Patrick the pittbull) and are now in a custody battle over patrick with the HSUS. Rock went to the court appearance of Patrick's abuser with me when we protested,so maybe we will go there. I have Penn State and Cornell near me, so there are lots of choices.

by Dr. Lisa Radosta on 02/18/2012 09:28am

Ok, you have come excellent choices for surgeons!!

I can write something about hip dysplasia for Weds column. The management is pretty laid back around here. As long as I write about puppies, and veterinary medicine, they are on board.

by ASDMarlene on 02/16/2012 12:44am

how was Rocky's hip dysplasia diagnosed? I wouldn't think of "wobbling" and "collapsing" as typical symptoms for hip dysplasia.

by rockjdog on 02/16/2012 10:16am

Hi ASD Marlene,
I only found out after the fact that when a dog has a shaky stance or unsteady gait it can be a symptom of hip dysplasia. I did google shakey, wobble and all the words when this first started happening and nothing for hip problems came up. After I started reading about it then I read a few accounts where this wobble was noticed. There was other evidence as well. Rock had two x-rays preformed at different times ( for different problems)and the vets commented he had lots of arthritis along his spine. He is a big dog 140lbs plus, he is an older dog, so an unsteady walk should not be conclusive but add the other factors and it is surprising they never thought of it. To diagnose it they sedated him and took 25 radiographs of the hips and legs in different positions.

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ABOUT PURELY PUPPY

LISA RADOSTA, DVM, DACVB

Photo of Lisa Radosta

…is a board certified veterinary behaviorist. Haven’t ever heard of one? You’re in good company, because many people don’t know they exist. After all, there are only 54 of them. After veterinary school at the University of Florida and some time in primary care practice, Dr. Radosta completed a 3-year residency in behavioral medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. She treats dogs, cats and birds with serious behavior problems, like aggression, separation anxiety, elimination outside of the litter box, and storm phobia. But please don’t ask her if dogs lie on a couch and bark at her!

She spends her off time writing textbook chapters and articles for veterinarians and clients, as well as lecturing nationally and internationally. Oh, yeah - she is also an overscheduled, stressed, tired, working mom. If you are itching to know lots more about her, go to her website at www.flvetbehavior.com, and join her weekly for your puppy fix.

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