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Dr. Coates is a veterinarian based in the other “Sunshine State” – that's Colorado to the rest of you – where she lives and plays with a varied range of animals. She shares her professional and personal experiences, Monday through Friday, here on petMD's blog, the Fully Vetted. Log in for your daily dose of her insight and wisdom.

 

Animals and Grief

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April 18, 2012 / (20) comments


Whenever I talk to owners about the death of a pet, I always bring up the topic of grieving and mourning as it applies to other animals in the household. Yes, pets do grieve. We are witnessing it in our own house right now.

 

As I mentioned a few weeks back, I recently had to euthanize one of our two cats. (Thank you for all the kind remarks you sent in response to that post.) Keelor’s death made us a one cat household, and Vicky has been affected by the change. She and our dog Apollo have a good relationship (she tolerates him licking her head, he lets her sleep in his dog bed), but it’s obvious that she misses Keelor.

She is a lot needier than normal. She has always wanted to be petted when we’re trying to read the paper and drink some coffee, but her demands have been taken to new levels recently. (Someone needs to study how a seven pound cat can generate so much power behind a head butt.) She is also yowling — a lot — in the wee hours of the morning. She is a sleep-all-day kind of girl, and I think she misses having a comrade to prowl the house with at night.

In hindsight, most of these new behaviors actually started while Keelor was very sick and intensified after his passing. This is not unusual. I think animals understand a lot more than we give them credit for, especially when it comes to end-of-life issues. After all, death is a natural part of life and I think it’s reasonable to assume that social animals (yes, cats are social, at least to a degree!) have the ability to comprehend the basics behind serious illness and death.

My five-year-old daughter was concerned that Vicky’s changed behavior indicated that she was sick, just like Keelor. That’s not unreasonable since many of the symptoms of grieving in pets — withdrawal or clinginess, lack of appetite, altered sleep patterns, litter box issues, vocalization, even vomiting and diarrhea — certainly can be associated with illness, which is why I always recommend a check-up if a surviving pet’s symptoms are especially severe.

I gave Vicky a physical and she checked out just fine, which in addition to the fact that in every other way she’s seems perfectly normal, convinced me that "all" that is wrong is the loss of her companion of over 13 years.

In 1996, the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) conducted a study looking into mourning behaviors in dogs. It found that 66 percent of dogs exhibited four or more behavioral changes after the loss of another pet in the household. For example:

 

  • 36 percent ate less than normal, 11 percent stopped eating altogether
  • About 63 percent vocalized more than normal or became quieter
  • Many changed where and how much they slept
  • More than half became more affectionate and clingy

 

In general, it took affected pets between two weeks and six months to return to their normal behavior patterns. It looks like Vicky is right on track. She’s certainly not her old self yet, but she only woke me up once last night, so at least we’re heading in the right direction.

 

 

 

Dr. Jennifer Coates

 

 

Image: Depressed cat by Jacquelyn / via Flickr

 

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COMMENTS (20)
1
Grieving Critters
by TheOldBroad on 04/18/2012 07:34am

I've often wondered how critters perceive the loss of a critter friend.

Are they afraid that they're doing to "disappear" next? Are they looking for their friend?

My opinion is that they know when a critter-buddy is not well, but do they comprehend death?

by pkay on 04/19/2012 12:36pm

I have recently and unfortunately been witness to my two dogs and cats grief, my little girl recently passed away, we took the dogs upstairs to see her, the St Bernard had tears running down her face, the pit mix put his head betweenhis paws as if he was praying it was so touching, they have not slept well and find themselves in the day hours in her playroom, the cats stayed by the front door for over a week, they watched as the funeral home took her. It is not an easy journey fo rhumans or our animals, they feel , they know!

by wikith on 04/23/2012 09:35pm

So sorry to hear of your loss.

2
the sensitivity of cats
by Linda Moulton on 04/18/2012 12:19pm

i have two cats and i believe they are a lot more in tune with things than most people give than credit for..myself running a temp with a virus a few days ago my 3 1/2 yr old mickey checked on me several times during the night and instead of usall wake up off standing on my chest and kneeding{all 18 lbs} haha....thought a nice licking to my face and forehead was in order! he has never done this before and i "know " this was to confort mom and make her feel better. yes ,they are very sensitive and i believe one of our good lords best creations!!!

by redkitty1 on 04/19/2012 02:58pm

I remember once when I was in bed sick with food poisoning, my dogs piled in the bed with me one on each side and kept me warm - I think they knew I was sick and wanted to help

3
Sensitive Creatures
by CP on 04/18/2012 12:25pm

I'm so glad you believe that these creatures know more than we give them credit for. In 2005 an elderly Cocker Spaniel was dumped in my neighborhood. I took him in even though my terrier mix was dying of bladder cancer. I worried that Hammer would think he was being replaced (yes I believe they can sense this), but the 2 boys bonded. Sunny waited patiently while I dealt with Hammer's many needs. Sometimes 4 legged creatures have more brains than the 2 legged variety.

4
Animals and Grief
by Westcoastsyrinx on 04/18/2012 12:55pm

Dr Coates, you might remember I mentioned we also had a loss with a single cat left doing some MAJOR clinging and physical breakdown.

There was an urgent need for foster care for some seized cats coming from inland and we took in a cat in that was "high maintenance" to help alleviate the load. Our long time boy, (Thumper), has stopped demanding constant lap attention, and I am not sure whether that is good or bad at this point. At 14 Thumper can get to the point of having enough and yesterday I caught him hiding under a chest of drawers in order to avoid "Mrs hiss and spit". He has always done well with male cats to the degree we often called him "Uncle Thumper" but you sure can't use that name on him now, poor fellow. We had requested a male foster because Thumper has never had good luck bonding with females, at least in the beginning. We hope this changes as Thumper did go through a bout of urinary tract irritation right after his loss. We don't want to see more physical signs of his grief.

Your reference to the ASPCA study suggested pets generally went through four stages of grief and that is a good thing as humans go through seven according to Elizabeth Kubler-Ross, who wrote, "Death and dying". I always assume that pets who have lost previous homes/lives also go through some loss as well because stages of loss affect humans no matter what the loss is, just in proportion to the impact of the loss.

5
Loss of a big brother
by Jan Linder on 04/18/2012 04:35pm

Yes, I agree that animals are vulnerable to the same grief and mourning that we feel as humans. My border collie, Bingo, was very depressed and confused when she lost her older brother, Buster, to bone cancer. In a last ditch effort to help her through this grief, we plugged in a DAP pheromone emitter and she slept by that for a whole month. I truly believe that this helped her with the anxiety of losing her brother of 11 years until she was able to accept the loss.

6
Grieving surviving pets
by Kutya on 04/18/2012 11:49pm

I've seen deep and extended grieving in some of my pets, and briefer and milder distress in others. I adopt only seniors these days, so they don't have as much time with each other, but the last two -- a 9 pound 16 year old poodle and a 10 year old 95 pound Kuvasz -- both orphaned late in life -- bonded immediately. when I had to let the Poodle go last week the vet came to the house and I was able to keep Shakti's body here for a few hours. I laid him in his bed and Gus, his pal, went to him, touched noses and then laid down and put his head on the bed, resting with Shakti. It was a sweet demonstration of their brief but deep friendship. I have a pet sitting business in Seattle and I see pets grieving more often than many people would, and I always advise my clients to realize their pets are suffering the loss just as they are.

7
Thank-you Doctor Coates
by kay morris on 04/19/2012 12:04am

A wonderful story of love and the lost of a love-one. Most of us treat our Pet-Kids....like children, they are happy, when we are happy, If we are hurt, they try so hard to let us know they love us and it is gonna be ok, just the way we confort them.

8
grieving cats
by lefty on 04/19/2012 01:06am

So, can anyone reading this doubt that cats are capable of love?

by Westcoastsyrinx on 04/19/2012 12:40pm

Animals are capable of "loss" but I believe their emotions are not the same as human emotions as we define them, no. That doesn't make them any less in need of our caring and support.

9
Mourning
by JessicaR on 04/19/2012 07:12am

It's absolutely true that animals mourn their companions. We've seen them mourn their humans so why wouldn't they mourn the loss of their animal companions.

When my English Pointer, Susie Q, died my GSD/Shar Pei mix, Barney, mourned deeply for several weeks. Susie was always Barney's favorite. I think he really saw her as his Mama and best playmate. When my other dog, Rufus, died the other dogs went on as though nothing had happened. Where Barney spent two months searching everywhere for Susie, nobody even sniffed around for Rufus. He might have been my favorite but I guess he wasn't theirs!

10
grieving
by Vonhoff on 04/19/2012 09:51am

Our dog Bowie developed a very aggressive cancer and was in pain, so we had to make the hard decision to euthanize. When we choice the day we decided to put our younger dog, Pumpkin, in day camp so we could spend the day with Bowie. Later that day when we picked up Pumpkin from camp, it was reported that Pumpkin, who is usually a social butterfly, was very down and kept to herself and didn't eat her dinner. When we brought her home she went to Bowie's favorite spot in the house and laid down and appeared to be weeping. Over the next week Bowie would not leave her bed, we not eat and would barely drink water, we had to take her to the vet to get fluids put in her.

We weren't really sure how Bowie's passing would affect Pumpkin, they were together for about 8 months, during this time Bowie rarely acknowledged Pumpkin's presence. I guess even though Bowie didn't really care for Pumpkin, Pumpkin cared deeply for her.

Luckily about a month later Pumpkin started to act back to normal. We read online that sometimes dogs will refuse their food that they were eating at the time of their companions passing because they can associate the two, so we changed her dog food and she started eating again. We also thought that Pumpkin might enjoy having another companion, so we got another dog, thankfully this completely turned Pumpkin around, we had never seen her happier, she absolutely adores Clove, they are best friends and never leave one another's side.

by Joysworld on 04/30/2012 02:24pm

Our older dog also had to put to sleep, it was a very sad day, but we also knew that it was time. Over time we got over the loss of MeeFee, but recently we realize that we missed having having a little bundle of joy to greet us. That's where Buddy the Rescue dog came into our lives. I have been writing about him on my blog http://joyfulanimalrescue.com check it out and enjoy life from his perspective.

11
by redkitty1 on 04/19/2012 06:02pm

When we lost our Doobie in 2009, it took almost a year before we could say his name without his two sisters getting up and looking for him.

12
grief
by lefty on 04/20/2012 02:20am

I tried earlier to reply to westcoastsyrinx's reply to me, but it does not seem to have gone through. My point is that to experience loss there must be something that has been lost. Cats react emotionally to loss, as well as dogs. I have reacted emotionally to loss, of people, animals, etc. I have experienced other sorts of loss. The loss of a car or an old computer or a favorite restaurant that closed, is not an emotional experience for me, although it is a kind of loss. What about the the loss of money in a bad investment?

If animals react emotionally to loss, I think there must have been an emotional bond to begin with. I have no doubt that animals have feelings. As far as the ability to step back, observe one's feelings, intellectualize about them, that is a human characteristic, perhaps dependent on language and verbalization. Nevertheless they do have feelings and manifest them. I notice this in my everyday interactions with my cat. There seems to be a continuum.

My parents, now deceased, had two very elderly (20+) siamese cats. One died on their bed during the night, just of natural causes and in no particular distress. The other cat refused to stay on the bed for months. It was as though she thought of the bed as a place of
death.

These beautiful and intelligent animals have a great deal of intelligence. It all brings back memories of my mother, a teacher, saying repeatedly that if I could not put it into words I didn't know anything.
These animals obviously have much nonverbal knowledge. I continue to feel that sharing our lives with these other species expands our awareness.

13
Loss
by Heidi Kullman on 04/20/2012 11:24am

My favorite aunt and uncle had 2 dogs, no kids. When Willie the Black Lab died, Wolf laid down next to him, as he was dying. The 2 of them had spent 12 years together, and he just "knew" it was Willie's time. A few years later, Wolf laid down by my uncle, as my Uncle had a massive heart attack and died. Wolf was absolutely lost without my Uncle, "his person"

14
Agreed, they understand
by stefanio on 04/24/2012 10:23pm

I agree that pets understand something about death. My young male cat Quixote became very attached to one of the fosters I had. Tragically, after stabilizing and doing well here (he came in an untreated diabetic with super Hi BGs, but he was able to go off insulin and become diet controlled with proper diet and a few weeks of insulin) this foster cat went downhill precipitously and suddenly after the onset of neurological signs. After his euthanasia, my cat Quixote continued to look for him for weeks. He was very sad. Very confused and morose.

Can you imagine, then, if they understand death, the horror of this Texas shelter where they have been killing puppies in front of mothers and mothers in front of puppies?

http://www.examiner.com/article/monsters-walk-among-us-and-are-paid-with-our-tax-dollars

15
grieving cats
by lefty on 04/25/2012 01:25am

I tried to respond earlier to Stefanio's post, but the computer stalled. The link was sickening and infuriating, suggesting stories of war crimes, the Holocaust, Rwanda, Sudan, the Armenian genocide, etc. We cannot ignore this kind of sadism, whether against humans or these sentient animals. Part of me would like to respond to the perpetrators in kind, but humanitarian concerns say no. I am currently dealing with a cat who is terminally ill. I shall cheerfully do all that is necessary for his care, as each day is a gift, as long as he is able to live without undue suffering. Reading about these perpetrators of pain upon animals suggests to me that I would rather bop them on the head and leave them in the street. I am not fond of this in myself, but that is just how it is. I am not quite sure how to resolve this. I guess it will take time.

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About fully vetted

Jennifer Coates, DVM

Photo of Dr Coates

Image credit: Jim Piraino

...graduated with honors from the Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine in 1999. In the years since, she has practiced veterinary medicine in Virginia, Wyoming, and Colorado. She is the author of several books about veterinary medicine and animal care, including the Dictionary of Veterinary Terms: Vet-Speak Deciphered for the Non-Veterinarian. Dr. Coates also writes short stories that focus on the strength and importance of the human-animal bond, and freelance articles relating to a variety of animal care and veterinary topics. Dr. Coates lives in Fort Collins, Colorado with her husband, daughter, and various species of pets.

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