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Dr. Coates is a veterinarian based in the other “Sunshine State” – that's Colorado to the rest of you – where she lives and plays with a varied range of animals. She shares her professional and personal experiences, Monday through Friday, here on petMD's blog, the Fully Vetted. Log in for your daily dose of her insight and wisdom.

 

Is My Breed Fat?

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May 20, 2010 / (17) comments


During last week’s filming of a webisode on the subject of quantifying obesity (stay tuned for its online debut), we went to Lincoln Road on Miami Beach to catch up with the "dog on the street" — and his or her owner, of course.


In so doing, I came up with a new category of obesity excuses. I call it the "it’s how s/he’s supposed to look" excuse. It happens when owners are convinced their pet — dog, cat or otherwise — is in its ideal body condition based on the general morphology they ascribe to their pet’s breed or type.

In other words, if individual owners happen to assume all orange cats are supposed to be Garfield-style rotund, they’re more likely to think a fat yellow tabby is a perfect example of his/her type. Same goes for pets of certain breeds. Blocky or full-coated dogs and fluffy cats are extra likely to suffer this dubious distinction.

Consider the following examples:

  • The English bulldog who is "all muscle," according to his owner, but who happens to be sporting a nice, thick layer of all-over body fat instead. (I can prove it’s fat but you might not want me to.)
  • The Labrador retriever whose owner swears up and down that her fat layer’s ideal for her breed, given that duck hunting is a cold weather sport that requires a firm layer of fat. (Too bad this Lab’s a South Florida specimen more likely to attack a sofa than any cold water bird.)
  • The Shiba inu with the decided paunch and prominent fat pads whose owner flatly denies is overweight. In fact, he points to a picture of the breed on my wall chart for comparison. "She’s just blowing her coat so she looks fluffier today," he says. (Seriously?)
  • The owner of a basset hound whose prepuce practically drags on the ground tries the same trick: "He’s 100 percent perfect for his breed. That’s what they’re supposed to look like and any veterinarian that disagrees with me is one I’d never trust anyway." (Alrighty-then, I’ll just keep my mouth shut.)
  • The Persian cat whose owner tries the same trick as the Shiba’s dad: "But she’s supposed to look all fluffy!"


It’s always the same: "My vet and my breeder say he looks great for his breed." Or, "All you have to do is take one look at the breed books to see she’s perfect."

Yet these pets are f-a-t. When you can grab a beagle’s jelly roll and squeeze, he's fat. Still, you can point out a schnauzer’s symmetrical hip pads (you know, the ones that make her back look as flat as a coffee table?) and still end up with a denialist talking all kinds of trash about your veterinary skills.

It’s kinda funny, really, but mostly it's sad. Why? Because when all’s said and done, it’s ultimately the pets that pay for our very human take on their degree of perfection — or lack thereof.

 

Dr. Patty Khuly

 

 

Art of the day: "jack benny the fat cat" by Jamey Pyles


 

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COMMENTS (17)
1
To Be Fair...
by Pai on 05/20/2010 02:54am

If you look at the Labrador Retrievers in the average show ring, they're kept tubby on purpose. So I can understand in that case how a pet owner can look at their own flabby pooch and assume it's 'normal for the breed'.

2
by LabMom on 05/20/2010 03:36am

Tubby show Labs not withstanding, Labs are not supposed to be fat! There's nothing in the standard to indicate that. In fact the standard for females is 55-70 pounds! Labs are working dogs and if they're too fat to do their job then what's the point? There are some breeders who breed for the "moderate" Lab, who can excel in the field as well as the ring. But if judges are going to keep putting up big fat Labs, it's hard to blame breeders for providing a dog they like. But that's no excuse for the pet owner to abuse their Lab with food...and it *is* abuse because they tend to have joint problems and arthritis, which overweight exacerbates. And by the way, a nice neoprene jacket will work a lot better in cold water than a layer of fat so let's not kid ourselves.

3
Tubby Labs
by Elizabeth and The Lab Crew on 05/20/2010 06:26am

I have even been told by a Vet or or two and numerous techs that my lan they are seeing at the time is underweight... NOT they are in great shape, get plenty of good food. One new tech even went so far as to suggest "possible neglect" to my vet which I found out when my vet enetered the room after she weighed him and then counselled me on the "correct" amount of food. When my vet came in I came close to loosing it when I found out what she told him. I think they are so used to seeing overweight Labs that they don't know what they should look like anymore.

4
Fat Labs
by Shellie on 05/20/2010 06:48am

I am struggling to undo years of excess treats by my (now) ex-spouse. I could never convince him that Labs should not be fed to their capacity, which is pretty much endless; he always sneaked them extra food and treats when I wasn't around. One of "the girls" is of ideal weight, her metabolism seems to burn calories more efficiently; the other is just plain fat. I'm now trying to undo all that with measured feedings, increased exercise, and (very) limited treats. It's much easier to prevent obesity in the first place than to correct it!!

5
by Crysania on 05/20/2010 07:48am

When we first got our dog (a Border collie/retriever mix) and were trying to figure out how much to feed her (and trying to put a bit more weight on and she was too skinny from worms), she ended up gaining too much weight. I thought she looked fat. When I brought her in for microchipping, I spoke to two vet techs and the vet himself about her weight. All three said she was fine, but that she shouldn't gain anymore weight. I still felt she was a bit too heavy.

A week later I went to training class and my trainer was the only one who had the nerve to tell me she was getting fat. I was glad someone else agreed and I adjusted the food. She lost 4.5 pounds over the next few months and is now at a very healthy weight.

What confused me is why the VET would tell me she was at a good weight, even when I was questioning it. My trainer said sometimes vets don't want to offend clients and so will avoid that topic. I'm glad to see that not all vets do that!

6
Is Your Dog Fat?
by CP on 05/20/2010 08:29am

I'm one of the naysayers regarding weight issues in dogs. Let me be clear that I'm not talking about obese animals. If my cocker had been as skinny as everyone wants him to be, when his inital bout with IBD flared and he lost so much weight he'd probably be dead now. I think the pendulum has swung too far to one side and hopefully will come to rest in the middle. I know, Dr. Khuly, we've had this discussion before; and we agree to disagree. However, nothing I have read or seen has changed my mind. Sunny is doing well (knock on wood), and we are enjoying his remaining time together. Please know that my vet agrees with me on this issue.

7
Fat dogs
by Kayteenm on 05/20/2010 08:33am

I have a friend that has a Husky mix that was terribly overweight. She was so fat that she was round and her head looked too small for her body. She's 4 and now has hip dysplasia and bad knees. The surgeon told them that he wouldn't operate until she lost weight..which she never did..and the dog ended up blowing out her knees...and then because of that..had to have the ball cut off of her hip. Now she has to be helped around with a sling. Good vets tell people about their dog's health problems...bad people just don't want to know. I feel so sorry for the poor animals. It really should be considered animal abuse just as starving them is abuse. I read once "If your dog is fat then YOU'RE not getting enough exercise".

8
Veterinarians on fat pets
by Dr. Patty Khuly on 05/20/2010 09:06am

Let me out my profession on this one: I have heard from plenty of owners whose pets I consider overweight that their dogs have been deemed "perfect" or even "underweight" by their veterinarian.

In some cases I absolutely refuse to believe these owners are reporting the vet's statements accurately. In others, I know the owner (or the vet) well enough that I can honestly say my colleagues are NOT helping these patients any.

It's a big pet peeve of mine. Perhaps it's because a certain specialist in my area likes to tell my clients that it's OK to keep some extra weight on their pets so "just in case they ever get sick they have a few extra pounds to rely on." Seriously? Makes me crazy!

It also irks because it makes me look like a liar or an alarmist. Only *very* rarely have I seen a patient suffer from being too thin. And it's *daily* that I see damage from excess poundage.

9
by Dina on 05/20/2010 10:14am

I went to an agility trial this past weekend and it was SO nice to see labs, dachshunds, goldens and heelers who did not resemble sausages! It's really not surprising that we deny our dogs are fat when half of our children are overweight and their parents are in denial. As a culture, we hate to deny those we love anything, even when it's to the detriment of their health.

My huskies were lean - part of that is the breed, but I also made a conscious effort to keep them that way. Fortunately my vets were always complimentary of how fit they were, so I never had to question my instincts on this. Not that they never got treats - just that I was careful about what they were and I adjusted their diets as they got older and their metabolism and activity decreased.

10
Proof of fatness
by PMF on 05/20/2010 10:58am

Just take a radiograph and show them the nice thick layer of blubber. Can you say 'fatback?' (Yum, now I'm hungry).

By the way, Dr. K, I love all of the radiographs as decorations on the new site. See, it's all about the imaging!

PMF

11
by susanbt on 05/20/2010 11:51am

I just have to repeat that when I took a LITTLE bit of weight off my Frenchie (a breed that tends towards fat), he became like a different dog. His energy level, his willingness to run and play and leap and jump - it was absolutely astonishing. And he had not lost that much weight, perhaps a pound and a half.

Now my Boston needs to drop some weight. This horrible winter kept him from his daily exercise and he has become distinctly sausage-y. Much harder with him because he is a very picky eater; switching him to a lower calorie food will result in a flat-out refusal to eat. (Do not underestimate his stubbornness. It could go on a long time.) I'm going to try increasing exercise first (I need it too!), and then gradually cutting back on the chow. He doesn't get that much food as it is.

12
by teri on 05/20/2010 12:37pm

Fat dogs are a huge pet peeve of mine. When I was doing training, I would let clients know about the body condition of their dogs. I also taught them how to look and feel the dog to keep track of how it was doing. We taught the dogs to go on a scale voluntarily, but I always stressed body condition over the number on the scale.

I would give people grief, in a friendly joking way, if they had "tubby" dogs. Most people then worked at taking weight off.

I hated seeing fat dogs come into the store. It is NOT cute when your pug is so fat it can't barely breathe.

13
by debbylcc on 05/20/2010 08:49pm

I do understand the concerns over a fat pet. I have one cat that is very overweight. However, I have fed her controlled amounts of prescription diet food, over the counter diet foods, regular cat food and a food very high in protein and low in fat. (This food caused her to continue to gain weight and she was eating about half of what the package suggested). I have (as much as one can do so) increased her exercise and she still is fat. I honestly don't think she will ever lose weight. I am not attempting to make an excuse for her weight, just accepting what seems to be reality. I'd love for her to lose weight but have given up the attempt since nothing has worked. She is a case where I know she's overweight, I just don't know a way to fix it.

14
by rockjdog on 05/21/2010 01:48pm

I have large dogs and it is always a battle of the bulge for me.

My boy “Rocky" is a bullmastiff but he looks more like a bull dog. He is short (22 inches tall) but has massive shoulders and neck. His chest is 52 inches and his neck is 32 inches so his butt and belly always look smaller because of his body proportions. He gets a wellness exam twice a year ( he is nine)so last year he was 150 lbs, then half a year later 161 pounds and then two months ago ( his last check up) 172 pounds.

When he was at 161 we cut down his food half a cup but he still gained weight.

We thought he was loosing until the last weigh-in at 172.

Our vet said his body may be used to the calories at around 1500 so she suggested we cut down to 1200 calories. To make up for the missing kibble I had one cup of chopped raw veggies just for filling at each feeding which is twice a day.

The problem is these big dogs add 10 or 15 pounds it is not easy for me to spot.

When we had him at 150 some vets said loose another 10 and some said the weight was good. So that even tells me some body types are hard to peg.

15
by babysweet on 05/21/2010 04:03pm

Overweight pets are a HUGE irritant of mine. Particularly the ones with the excusing owners.

We have three girls... and we have never had an issue keeping them slim. I'm in charge of the food (after all, I have the thumbs!) and I only dole out what they need. In fact, they get less than they need - they get lots of treats and chews and veggie snacks... all of these contain calories!

16
Babysweet
by susanbt on 05/21/2010 05:06pm

And how do you determine what they "need"?

Three girl Whats?

When I was preparing to put my Frenchie on a diet, I made many efforts to determine his caloric needs. My reasoning? Well, when humans diet, you calculate the approximate number of calories you need to maintain your weight, and then adjust your consumption so that you are taking in fewer calories, plus increase your activity so that you are also burning some number of calories.

In that manner, assuming you are in normal health and correctly calculating your intake, you should lose weight.

I could not for love or money get an accurate number for what my Frenchie's maintenance level would be. I found several calculators on the web; they varied by as much as 200 calories. The dog food bags were all over the place. My vet at the time gave me a blank look and said to just cut back his food until he started losing weight.

As I wrote above, that's close to what I did. I started feeding him about 2-2.5 oz of lean ground turkey plus 1/2c of rehydrated Preference twice per day, plus Nature's Logic All Food Fortifier to fill in the nutritional gaps. He lost weight, albeit slowly.

When we first got him we followed the guidelines on the dog food bag (I believe it was Orijen) and he was being overfed so badly, he moved his bowels about twice per hour.

If you read dog food bags, the calories per cup vary drastically, so a cup is not a cup is not a cup.

It is darn hard to make an intelligent determination what your dog "needs" based on the information publicly available. Yes, there are many owners who make excuses, but perhaps if veterinary schools made nutrition more of a core subject, and taught it without the help of the pet food companies, we'd have fewer fat cats and dogs.

17
I worry...
by MaskMan on 05/25/2010 04:02pm

...So I check.

It's not hard to tell if your dog is in a reasonable range of weight. The first step is to look at them from above. Are there complex curves, showing a swell over the ribs, and a narrowing between the ribs and hips? Or is there a straight line? Or (worse) a simple outward bulging curve from head to hip? Does their entire back shift from side-to-side when they walk, or can you see their muscles working?

The next step is to run your hands along the ribs. The ribs should be discernable without excess pressure. You shouldn't need to press in hard to find them, nor should they stand out starkly - You should be able to feel them without effort under a layer of muscle and fur.

Then run your hands down their front legs. Can you feel the bones in their lower legs and wrists? Again, they shouldn't stand sharply out, but there should be no mystery where they are, either.

It's not precisely scientific, but if you follow the above checks, your dog is unlikely to be too far out of line. Best of all, you can do the checks every time you see or pet your dog - They generally like the attention anyway, so it's no chore to keep aware.

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About fully vetted

Patty Khuly, VMD, MBA

Photo of Dr Khuly

Dr. Khuly is a former petMD blogger and small animal veterinarian in Miami, Florida, where she practices medicine at Sunset Animal Clinic and serves on the board of the South Florida Veterinary Medical Association. She is a graduate of Wellesley College, the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, and The Wharton School of Business.

As a significant sideline, she writes...a lot. She authors pet health columns for USA Today, The Miami Herald and Vetstreet. She also writes a popular monthly column for Veterinary Practice News and serves as regular contributor to Veterinary Economics, The Bark, and the Veterinary News Network.

Dr. Khuly lives in South Miami with her brood of hens, goats, dogs, cats...and humans.

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