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Dr. Coates is a veterinarian based in the other “Sunshine State” – that's Colorado to the rest of you – where she lives and plays with a varied range of animals. She shares her professional and personal experiences, Monday through Friday, here on petMD's blog, the Fully Vetted. Log in for your daily dose of her insight and wisdom.

 

Ringing in the new year with a howl: On vocalizing behavior in pets

January 02, 2010 / (13) comments


We rang in the new year in South Florida style: A round of stone crabs and a home-made dinner, a group howl with the dogs at my parent's house (you should try this cathartic trick sometime), then some Perrier-Jouet at the Biltmore, a close-up fireworks display and, unexpectedly, a party-crashing escapade courtesy of my sister’s brash antics.

 

It was great fun...until we arrived at home and found Vincent expressing pain in vocal tones formerly unheard of in three years of Khuly household life.

 

Vincent is a three-and-a-half year-old French bulldog whose life thus far has been defined more by his obnoxiously Napoleonic behavior and rough-and-tumble disposition than by any kind of physical dysfunction (save his extreme flea allergy and moderate atopy, which I now ungratefully discount due to its autopilot management).

 

That's us, btw:

 

 

So it was that when we observed him in obvious discomfort it was all the more surprising. This is one super-tough dog, after all. But then, he’s always been a vocal one:

  • Someone at the door? Vincent whoops it up before anyone else knows what’s happening.
  • Almost time to go home from work? Vincent starts in on his characteristically plaintive howl.
  • Another dog threatening his space or challenging his resources in any way? The not-so-low growl that emanates from eighteen pounds of wound-up muscle is undeniably forbidding.
  • Should he go on the attack (which he is wont to do if any threat or challenge is allowed to escalate), the noises that emerge are horrorshow-worthy.
  • Then there’s the breed-related bark to consider. Because sometimes he does this high-pitched thing that puts a Shiba inu’s scream to shame. It’s not pretty. Almost any French bulldog owner can attest to that.

But for all that, I’d never thought I’d hear him whine or whimper in pain. Why? Because most dogs don’t...no matter how much pain assails their neurons. This wild dog survival mechanism ensures that predators and competitors don’t catch wind of their weakness and exploit their disadvantage. Makes sense, right?

 

Problem is, pain is hard to assess in pets as a result. Because relatively few pets will vocalize their pain like Vincent clearly does, owners are less likely to recognize their pets’ behavior for what it is. Which means fewer pets will receive the care they need.

 

So what was up with Vincent to initiate this depressing expression of pain? Turns out his back hurts. Here’s another Frenchie with disc disease. Just like my last one (Sophie Sue). Just like so many of my French bulldog patients. It’s enough to make me want to scream in frustration. Or invest in my boyfriend’s surgical practice. Or both.

 

As its stands, I was lucky enough to be accompanied by a fellow vet as I walked in the door (I’m useless in the face of my own pets’ suffering). I was lucky enough to have stashed some Rimadyl and tramadol from 2009’s spinal tragedies. And Vincent was lucky to have experienced what now seems a relatively minor intervertebral disc disease event. Because after spending the last 36 hours cooped up in a recovery crate, Vincent’s acting the quiet, comfortable dog.

 

So now that I’ve seen what pain looks like in this particular patient, can I rest assured that no vocalization means relative freedom from discomfort? I guess so, but who really knows? Until pets learn to make themselves understood more effectively or we learn to better interpret their desires, the communication gap will continue to hamper our interpretation of their pain. Vocalization is just one of many tools we use to help accomplish that. 

 

Too bad Vincent’s expressions of woe arrived when they did. Timed as they were, I’ve had to wonder: Was this a harbinger of things to come for the year? Or just another sign that, much though we may try, some things are simply unavoidable.

 

PS: Fireworks, anyone? That's us in the middle-ground at the Biltmore in Coral Gables, FL just after midnight. 

 

 

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COMMENTS (13)
1
by on 01/21/2010 03:38am

Our olde english/sheltie/JRT mutts have INCREDIBLY high pitched voices.  I have been on the receiving end of more than one high pitched 'yip' in the ear as we pulled up to the park or PAWS (their favorite store- the store where I buy their EVO and dog treats).


 


If it's as bad or worse than that, I pity the state of your hearing!  Due to the bulldog in the mix there has been more than once when I have blessed my relatively numb sense of smell as my husband fled the room, however my hearing is just FINE, or was.  Oi!  The sheltie-like yelps!  Thank god they don't use that particular vocalization frequently.


 


 

2
by on 01/03/2010 05:15pm

Joy: I've also had lots of success with acupuncture and spinal pain. I strongly recommend it––especially in cats, for whom the dearth of pain relief options means that "alternative" approaches are more readily accepted by my clientele.


 

3
by on 01/03/2010 03:47pm

A sharp, sudden pain sometimes gets a yelp or short screech, which are fairly easy to understand that something happened to cause pain.  The problem (unless there's bleeding somewhere) is trying to find out just what happened and where it hurts ('cause I usually don't see what happened, it's so fast).  Obvious things, like falling on ice, or being knocked down or bowled over by the 'stupidklutz dog' are one thing - I know very well what kind(s) of pain sudden twists and/or falls generate, and respond with tramadol and restricted movement. 


It's that chronic pain (that I also understand on a personal level) that I wish I could fix - and that others would understand and be more compassionate about (for my dogs and for me).  When I get looks or comments about "This isn't going to hurt him/her" as I ask that a small bit of tranq-ing would be preferable before an x-ray or occasionally even an exam (so the dog doesn't tense up so much nothing can be felt), or when a nail trim is needed (arthritis in the wrist/ankles and fingers/toes happens in dogs, too), I hate having to explain that pain makes all creatures unhappy and I'm trying to make my dog less unhappy - and not bite the vet.  I wish all vets wanted to deal with pain better for everyone's sake, and not dismiss it because it's faster to just ramrod an animal into compliance with physicality and a muzzle.  (Not that I have anything against a muzzle - I use one when I'm at home with sudden pain issues - on my dogs that is, although when I'm having pain issues, I'm sure my friend wishes there was a muzzle for me.)

4
by on 01/03/2010 02:14pm

Many, many years ago we had our 1st Miniature Schnauzer that developed back problems. Talk about SCREAMING and throwing himself around in pain!! After months of being on major pain meds   we had accpuncture done, every other day for a week, we were able to stop the pain meds after 3 tx. and then went to once a month tx.  After several years (pain free I might add) at the age of 13, he had to be neutered due to age problems and at that time my wonderful VET advised implanting gold beads in his back at the accpuncture points.  After she did this, Chance lived to the ripe old age of 17 with out having any more acc tx. and w/o having any more painful back episodes.  I'm sure you already know about this tx., but thought I would pass it on anyway.  Best of Luck remaining pain free with your pup .  

5
by on 01/03/2010 09:30am

I came home last year to my very stoic American Bulldog mix crying in pain after his anal sac surgery.My husband had picked him up and then gone to teach a class.He came home to Bruschi and I both crying on the floor.A quick visit for more pain meds and some ice on his poor little butt and he was okay.The next day you would never know he had surgery.I felt so guilty putting him through that.I think it really did need to be done,but I am not sure I would do it again.

6
by on 01/02/2010 08:19pm

Aarghh, poor Vincent and you know I feel for you. Two in a row, been there.


As for the vocalization, I find that unexpected "quick" pain may elicit a shriek, but "serious" and chronic pain---just shivering, scared look, or perhaps inappropriate aggression.


Scottish Terriers are nicknamed the "diehard" and I have found it so appropriate in these 35+ years. They can be in huge, terrific pain and you aren't getting a peep or moan out of them.


Body posture, facial expression, seeking seclusion, shaking, panting--those are the clues. And "eating" is the LAST to go (if you wait that long).


If I experienced what you did, I would say Vincent experienced an acute episode, which hopefully will be cured by that 30 days crate confinement, prednisone----and Benedryl to calm him down.


Many prayers, Barbara

7
by on 01/02/2010 07:57pm

When I first adopted and adjusted to my new cat, he alarmed me by walking around my apartment and meowing/squeaking with every step, movement, jump, bite of food. He even made noise when he disobediently jumped on counter tops and broke into cabinets. It sickened me initially because I believed it had to indicate some type of musculoskeletal discomfort or neurologic disease. Five years later he still announces every movement. He's proven himself highly trainable (Read: I don't think he has a cognitive dysfunction) and I assure you, he is not in pain. He's just a very vocal little guy.


Conversely, a few weeks ago we had a foreign body scare. He didn't make a sound for days as he vomited and went through a myriad of diagnostics. No vocalization when he was sick?


Perhaps we're talking apples and oranges by comparing dogs v. cats. Cats do tend to be reclusive during illness. It may be due to the relative difference in levels of domestication between a cat and a dog. Dogs tend to look toward their owners for guidance and approval in decision making processes and pick up on human social cues. Cats are far less dependent on human interaction, and therefore, may not vocalize because of that. If only we could know their thoughts, although my cat's are probably 'food, food, sleep, toy, sleep, litter, food.'


We're back to normal now and I am audibly aware of every toy he "kills" at 3am.


 


 

8
by on 01/02/2010 07:55pm

Zack, my beagle mix, is usually pretty quiet.  One night, after he had been out a few minutes I heard this unbelivable scream - never know a dog could make a noise like that!!  I ran out and found him laying on the ground.  Turns out to have been vestibular syndrom that came on really fast, probably scared the snot out of him. 


I still can't forget that scream.

9
by on 01/02/2010 03:37pm

"high-pitched thing that puts a Shiba inu's scream to shame"  I'm so sorry!  :)


All of my critters over the years have had an inclination to vocalize initially and then seem to expect me to pick up on subtler clues after that.  The Labs have been the easiest.  They always howl and then pull back or squirm the pained body part away from touch.  My older Shiba screams and then expects me to read her mind.  Don't know about the younger Shiba yet.  So far, no apparent pain but she strikes me as the more quiet type except when she's afraid so far.

10
by on 01/02/2010 01:50pm

I have a dog who expresses severe pain by sitting and shaking.  Since he otherwise doesn't sit much, that makes it obvious enough to us (who know him) that we get close enough to see the shaking.  But the first time he had a slipped disk problem, we were out of town and the petsitter didn't know him well enough to realize that sitting was unusual for him.


He also doesn't express pain unless it is severe, silly little thing.  Detecting pain can be *hard*.  Nice of Vincent to be vocal about it!

11
by on 01/02/2010 12:43pm

Some dogs, the bulldog being noted as one of them (I'm not as sure about the Frenchie) are known for their stoicism in the face of pain, which is not necessarily a good thing. You may be able to name other examples. I'm guessing it applies to Frenchies, since my Frenchie boy is pretty unflappable - if you accidently step on him or kick him, he doesn't cry, while my Boston will yelp.


I'm in the middle of reading Stanley Coren's The Intelligence of Dogs, and some breeds are naturally more inclined to vocalize than others, but I'm not sure that applies to pain.

12
by on 01/02/2010 11:01am

No evidence to suggest it does. Mine take daily multivitamins, fatty acids and glucosamine. I use Canine Plus multivitamins by Vetri-science and either Dasuquin (Nutramax) or Glycoflex III (also by Vetri-science) for their fatty acids and glucosamine.

13
by on 01/02/2010 10:44am

Is there evidence to suggest that daily antioxidant vitamins help dogs who are likely to suffer from this?  It seems to help our Dachshunds...

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About fully vetted

Patty Khuly, VMD, MBA

Photo of Dr Khuly

Dr. Khuly is a former petMD blogger and small animal veterinarian in Miami, Florida, where she practices medicine at Sunset Animal Clinic and serves on the board of the South Florida Veterinary Medical Association. She is a graduate of Wellesley College, the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, and The Wharton School of Business.

As a significant sideline, she writes...a lot. She authors pet health columns for USA Today, The Miami Herald and Vetstreet. She also writes a popular monthly column for Veterinary Practice News and serves as regular contributor to Veterinary Economics, The Bark, and the Veterinary News Network.

Dr. Khuly lives in South Miami with her brood of hens, goats, dogs, cats...and humans.

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