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Dr. Coates is a veterinarian based in the other “Sunshine State” – that's Colorado to the rest of you – where she lives and plays with a varied range of animals. She shares her professional and personal experiences, Monday through Friday, here on petMD's blog, the Fully Vetted. Log in for your daily dose of her insight and wisdom.

 

A plague on animal tails: Docks, crops, spirals, curls and other not-so-neat tricks

February 01, 2010 / (21) comments


What is it about tails? For some reason, humanity seems to abhor nothing more than a caudal appendage. Unless an animal’s got a prehensile version, it’s only going to get in the way. Best get rid of it, we say.

Many breeds’ tails are docked within days of birth. Others have the tail-lessness bred into them through fancy genetic tricks. Cats are not immune to the shenanigans, nor are plenty of our farm animal species (consider the dairy cow cropping you can witness in this video here). 

Our strange human aversion to tails is confounding to me. You’d think we’d consider it cute, novel or mysterious, even. Instead, many of us seek any excuse to lop it off. We’ve even gone so far as to look for new ways to achieve the tail-less look without having to deal in all that blood and gore. (Never mind that disc disease, butterflied verebrae and spina bifida are all associated with the genes that truncate, spiral or twirl our animals’ tails.)

Then we offer excuses to explain our tail-chasing ways. We say its non-essential nature and the minimal pain of the two day-old dock gives us license to wield a scalpel with impunity. We say it’s about history, about safety, about sport or some other function. 

In the case of dairy cows, they say it’s all about wholesome milk. The tail, you see, hangs close to the udder. And given the state of squalid sanitation these cows often wallow in, the tail tip has a way of playing the poop paintbrush when it comes to milking time. God forbid the milking staff has to take an extra two seconds to keep the tail out of the way. Or that they actually clean their bovine home so that their tails aren’t smeared in s--- on a 24/7 basis.

No, best "trim" those tails. “It doesn’t hurt, anyway.” At least that’s what these producers say as they plumb the depths of their empathy.

***

I was planning on writing about this last week until a patient intervened. She’d been involved in an altercation with an overstuffed garage. When heavy boxes collided with piles of domestic detritus, little Macy emerged yowling from the wreckage, black tail dragging behind. 

During her interlude with unsafe family storage, Macy had suffered a traumatic “tail pull.” It’s a common injury we call a sacrocaudal subluxation. Consequently, she couldn’t move or feel her tail. And what’s worse, the pain associated with this event was obviously taking its toll. Which is why I recommended tail removal without giving the affected nerves a chance to heal (sometimes they will). 

Whisk the tail away, I’d effectively said. We don’t need that liability. Why spend the next six weeks battling the pain of a broken back when with one thirty-minute procedure it can be stopped dead in its tracks? 

But as it turns out, not every human is inclined to terminate an appendage without irrefutable cause. Indeed, some humans can’t be made to see reason when it comes to keeping a pretty, fluffy thing alive, painful though it may be. All of which makes me think that sometimes...a vet just can’t win. 

 

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COMMENTS (21)
1
by on 02/01/2010 05:26pm

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2
by on 02/01/2010 05:12pm

>>Breeder's choice after seeing many working dogs with serious briars and mats in their tails.>>


Having trained Golden Retrievers for obedience and tracking and brought them trail riding through heavy brush, I must disagree with this reasoning.


Goldens have lovely, full tails and I've brushed out plenty of burrs, leaves and prickles after romps through the woods... not a big deal!  Of course, it's traditional NOT to dock Goldens.  Tradition is the only reason to dock an Aussie's tail, and that's not sufficient justification for me.

3
by on 02/01/2010 03:47pm

Anne, that is a wonderful thing, isn't it?  I so loved it when my Tundra did that.  His big, soft husky tail was so expressive and it seemed to have a life of it's own sometimes.  Nothing cuter than when he was curled up tight with his nose tucked under his tail to keep it warm.

4
by on 02/01/2010 02:59pm

Tails are terrific things. When a dog is lying on the floor relaxing and you say his name from across the room and the tail starts thump, thump, thumping on the floor, while the remaining parts of the dog continue to enjoy a state of rest and contemplation, that's love.

5
by on 02/01/2010 02:46pm

Kim: Never heard that one before...but it doesn't make any sense to me. I'd call it a myth. 

6
by on 02/01/2010 02:44pm

I love tails, wouldn't mind one myself...something auburn and fluffy peering out from under my gauzy skirt...


my cats that are long haired are all particularly enamoured of their tails....preening and flouncing....swishing...some of the others use them to lure their peers into cat games...and I also have some that spend endless entertaining minutes with the periodic chasing of one's tail on the couch...


I'd be horrified if one of my cat's had to loose their tail. (though I do have a rescue with a tip of his tail previous to coming to be amputated, but I don't know how)


all our dogs have tails...wagging around in that crazy dog kind of way. My previous english springers did not, they had cropped tails, but not by my choice.

7
by on 02/01/2010 01:52pm

I have heard that if a dog loses its tail/is docked, then the dog has a higher chance of back problems, because their lower spine compensates and absorbs all the movement of tail wagging...is that true or is this a myth?

8
by on 02/01/2010 01:48pm

Ahh, the history of the tail.  It is much like a lot of other appendages, both animal and human, that get trimmed or removed because they are not needed, then finding out later we screwed up.  I get an ear infection just about every time I swim, and according to my ENT doc, it's because I don't have tonsils.  Hey, when I was young they treated it like a routine procedure as they had no purpose, and pulled them out.


Seriously, a companion dog without a tail is at a massive disadvantage.  Dogs use the tail as a way to convey as well as read each other's mood, as does anyone that knows anything about dogs.  If you ever see a dog with a docked tail approached, the dog can be read as being submissive which is quite the opposite as it's usually a power breed that has it's tail docked.  In a cat, it's used for balance, much like the long stick a tightrope walker carries when they are on the job,and also for reading mood in some cases.


Of course, in some breeds, it's a requirement on the show circuit that the dog have it's tail docked.  I won't get on that rant again.

9
by on 02/01/2010 01:39pm

Tail-docking on dairy cattle is now illegal in California. The dairy industry did NOT oppose the bill, by the way.


Much as I love Aussies, I would never have a docked breed if I didn't have the choice to leave the  puppy undocked. I like tails, thank you! The working dog argument is nonsense. Why would a pointer need a dock when another dog doing the same work doesn't? Occasionally we see tail injuries in retriever, but we don't amputate that tail unless necessary. I mean, geez, sometimes we see injuries in legs, but we don't pre-emptively remove those,  do we?


I don't support laws to force no-dock, no-crop, etc., on breeders and pet-owners. But I sure won't be crying when these archaic traditions die a natural death.

10
by on 02/01/2010 01:23pm

How many people have Aussies (or Dobies or Rotties, etc.) that are working dogs?  Not many.  Far more are adopted out to homes.  And even so, mats should not happen if someone simply brushes the tail.  And I've dealt with burrs and other assorted things in my dog's tail before.  I'd still rather have the tail and see little reason to remove a tail unless there's an injury that requires amputation.

11
by on 02/01/2010 12:55pm

I have a cocker spaniel with a natural tail that I purposely sought.  They are beautiful plumes and help with balance.  If someone told me I needed to amputate it for medical reasons, sorry, but I would have to seek a second opinion before saying good bye to that beauiful fan.

12
by on 02/01/2010 12:47pm

Sorry, but I feel the right to dock tails should be maintained.  I've had two Aussies, one tailed and one docked.  The latter was still tailed when I decided to purchase her, and the breeder informed me that there was no option.  If I wanted to buy a dog from that person, that dog would be docked.  Breeder's choice after seeing many working dogs with serious briars and mats in their tails.  I respect the breeder's choice as being consistent for that person's belief on what is the right thing to do for both an individual dog and the breed itself.


The tailed dog's body language is easier for me to read, but I've also had her for 13 years vs. 1 year for the docked.  The long tail is beautiful when clean and groomed, but it's also a royal pain to keep clean and groomed, even in suburbia.  If that dog were a working dog, she's be a royal pain to keep up.


I think we need to trust the breeders to do right by their dogs.

13
by on 02/01/2010 12:22pm

I grew up with PWCs, and when I got my whippets, it was a revelation!  I love their tails and their expressiveness.  I actually even cried when I discovered one had whacked it hard against something, getting what sighthound folks know as a "happy tail".  Fortunately it didn't require amputation.  Even crooked, it was still expressive.  =)

14
by on 02/01/2010 12:18pm

Hey, Crysania, I think your dog's tail is beautiful too. Thanks for sharing! I have a doberman whose tail was docked as a pup. I love the breed and wish that humans would leave their tails and their ears uncropped. Also, my two weims also have cropped tails, which was done to them as pups. I would never crop tails or ears if I had a choice. If a vet had a valid reason to cut the tail off, only then would I allow.

15
by on 02/01/2010 12:17pm

Eesh, there's probably a reason that all these animals evolved tails to begin with (or were designed that way, should you prefer).  Either way, this is yet another example of man's inexplicable urge to "outsmart" nature.


@Heidi--love your description of your cats' tails.

16
by on 02/01/2010 11:51am

I always think it's so sad to see pet dogs with their tails docked!  My dog has a beautiful long flowing tail that I wouldn't trade for anything in the world (and it's HUUUUGE (see?).  I've always been drawn to Border collies and Aussies, but I keep coming back to wanting a BC over an Aussie simply because I really want a tail on my dog.

17
by on 02/01/2010 11:04am

I saw the dairy cow docking on 20/20. It left me puzzled as the cow appeared a LOT older than a few days, also the "de-horning or de-budding" procedure.


And after reading about the microchip "needle", I sure glad I didn't go for that either (in my now elderly seniors)--who have only the slightest chance of becoming "lost"

18
by on 02/01/2010 11:02am

A horrible woman I know of, whose lovely poodle puppy had never had its tail docked (and the owner knew nothing other than it had been a gift), went to a groomer when the dog was a little more than a year old.  This groomer decided to 'help' and told the woman the tail needed to be docked, although the dog wasn't a show dog.  The previous groomer hadn't said anything, assuming the dog was a mix, and always groomed the tail in a beautiful brush cut.  (The tail was one of the prettiest ones I've ever seen, even compared to setter tails.)  Of course, the second groomer said nothing about how painful - and unnecessary this amputation would be - and it was only after I made a stink to the vet did he even bother to call her and tell her the dog would be in a lot of pain and that she HAD to give the pain medicine he'd be sending home with the dog.  I was glad my shift was done before the surgery, and that I didn't see or speak to the woman on the phone afterwards.  I would have made sure to ask, repeatedly, about pain issues, etc.  I hope for a bit of kharma to bit them all in the ass.

19
by on 02/01/2010 10:35am

I have a 12yo staffy bull dog who has either a neurological or bone problem that is causing him to lose control of his back legs. It's awful to see him slowly lose his ability to walk, but one of the hardest parts has been that he doesn't have control of his tail anymore. It just lays there limp all the time. I feel like he's always depressed even if the rest of him often says otherwise. I'd pay a lot just to get that wagging tail back. I just can't understand why people would voluntarily remove one.

20
by on 02/01/2010 10:13am

I love tails, I love the way my cats sit with their tail wrapped protectively around their paws, or curl up using their tail as a nose warmer. I love my dogs tails, how it expresses how they are feeling. As Galadriel said, if the vet told me it was necessary for health and quality of life I would consider amputation, but I really can not understand how people can put animals through unnecessary pain for any other reason. 

21
by on 02/01/2010 10:05am

I love tails.  We assume our cocker spaniel (from a rescue) is purebred, with his looks and docked tail...but we are kind of sad about the missing 80% of his tail.  What need does a pet cocker spaniel have for a docked tail?  His tail goes a mile a minute, and "tells" us so much...but how much more could he use it for, if it were really there?


I have what we think is an Aussie mix, but with a full feathered fluffy tail.  Boy, I love her tail. It's so expressive, in an otherwise mostly quiet and reserved dog.


I suppose if it would be beneficial for their health, and the vet recommended it, I'd have to consider tail amputation.  It'd make me pretty sad, though.  I do love tails.


(Incidentally, cows--and horses--can manage to poop ON their tails.  In the middle of being handled, no less.  I don't think this is a valid reason for cutting them off, but just FYI.)

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About fully vetted

Patty Khuly, VMD, MBA

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Dr. Khuly is a former petMD blogger and small animal veterinarian in Miami, Florida, where she practices medicine at Sunset Animal Clinic and serves on the board of the South Florida Veterinary Medical Association. She is a graduate of Wellesley College, the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, and The Wharton School of Business.

As a significant sideline, she writes...a lot. She authors pet health columns for USA Today, The Miami Herald and Vetstreet. She also writes a popular monthly column for Veterinary Practice News and serves as regular contributor to Veterinary Economics, The Bark, and the Veterinary News Network.

Dr. Khuly lives in South Miami with her brood of hens, goats, dogs, cats...and humans.

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