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Dr. Coates is a veterinarian based in the other “Sunshine State” – that's Colorado to the rest of you – where she lives and plays with a varied range of animals. She shares her professional and personal experiences, Monday through Friday, here on petMD's blog, the Fully Vetted. Log in for your daily dose of her insight and wisdom.

 

'Cat got your fish?' and the environmental ethics of keeping cats

March 23, 2009 / (29) comments


I couldn’t pick a more incendiary topic for a Monday. Even if I recycled last week’s Cesar Millan post, condemned a breed of dogs, and picked on the HSUS––all in one post––it still wouldn’t raise hackles any more than the opinion piece Paul Greenberg put out in the NYT yesterday. Well...at least not my hackles. 

 

Titled, “Cat Got Your Fish?,” it starts with a sad story:

 

“My cat Coco died recently. Actually, we euthanized him to alleviate his suffering from cancer.”

 

And from thence it devolves: 

 

“And while this was a sad moment, it was made less sad because Coco’s death also alleviated ever so slightly the suffering of the sea.”

 

Mr. Greenberg’s fundamental point is well taken. The pet food industry uses 10% of the supply of wild forage fish in the world. As he also cites in his article, this staggering amount means the average American cat eats more fish every year than the average African human. 

 

Though environmentalists have thus far levied their wrath against salmon farming operations and the like, in which it takes three pounds of wild-caught fish to produce one pound of its farm-raised cousins, Greenberg points to cats as a potential area of environmental moral outrage. 

 

But while the salmon industry is moving forward with reform, per Mr. Greenberg, the US’s number-one pet (in terms of population size, not dollars spent) is stealthily eating up our seas. 

 

It’s an issue we should all acquaint ourselves with, this use of fish meal and other fish meal-eating protein sources to feed our pets. After all, the pork and poultry industries use up 24% and 22% of the world’s fish meal respectively. And that also feeds our pets. By the time you do the math it’s likely our pets consume well beyond the 10% of fish meal that goes into their commercial food supply. 

 

***

 

There’s undeniably great stuff in Greenberg's piece. Furthermore, I believe that reducing our pets’ impact on our global resource limitations is an issue that’s too seldom raised. So much of the focus is on our consumption of fossil fuels (still the biggie) and other human environmental foibles that sometimes the Prius-driving crowd forgets that pets are capable of exerting their own collective stamp on the world. 

 

It’s a little scary, all this animal protein being spent on pets in a world where limited resources govern how we treat our oceans, spend our dollars and feed our humans. So thank you, Mr. Greenberg, for pointing out yet another environmental cost of owning a pet. 

 

But why’d he have to single out cats?

 

While I’m clearly hard-pressed to disagree with the facts raised by Mr. Greenberg’s piece, I couldn’t help but feel that something was still way off base about the crux of his argument. 

 

Perhaps it was his intimation that cats are somehow more responsible than other pets for raping our oceans. After all, dogs consume more proteins and, as he reports, pork and poultry live off fish meal, too. 

 

Or maybe it’s that Greenberg goes too far by initially framing the argument in terms of how much cats might displace what lands on human plates. As if our cats are somehow responsible for taking fish out of the mouths of African children when in 2009, Africa’s food shortages may well be the result of human politics over all other concerns.

 

Furthermore, when he offers solutions to the dilemma, he raises vegan diets as potentially helpful by way of reducing our cats’ carbon pawprints. Yet after pointing a finger at the ASPCA’s stance against feline veganism he ends up backtracking cheekily...in favor of keeping guinea pigs.

 

But there was something about this article besides the glib banter that irked, and I just couldn’t put my finger on it...until finally a glimmer of realization: Perhaps what really kills this piece for me is the pervasive sentiment that underlies it:

 

After giving “cat Got Your Fish?” another go-round, it seems that pets to Greenberg are more like a luxury good on par with a factory farmed steak and an SUV than a companion or family member. Why else tick off the good that’ll come of Coco’s demise only to describe an attempt to replace his presence with a greener one? 

 

Sure, to most of the world pets are luxuries. But to those of us living in nations where pets are one choice among many now-indispensable “luxuries,” does Greenberg’s brand of tongue-in-cheek finger waggling seem justified...or fair? 

 

After all, a cat’s carbon footprint is easily offset by a variety of other choices, including home-cooked fare that relies on proteins we might otherwise waste, reasonable quantities of food (which most cats could use more of for their own health, anyway), minimization of outdoor colonies through TNR (trap-neuter-release) programs, and/or eschewing a variety of other lifestyle choices that might easily prove far more injurious to our planet than our cats. 

 

Consider that one man’s cat is another man’s sea bass habit, pickup truck or lackadaisical home energy consumption patterns...and that even guinea pigs can exert a mighty, three-toed print themselves. 

 

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COMMENTS (29)
1
by on 03/27/2009 08:51am

Lee: Absolutely agreed. There is no environmental rapist worse than man. We take over habitats with virtual impunity and then cry over it as if we didn't do it to ourselves. Then we cry some more because our Priuses need more roads to circumvent all that nasty traffic--or because we NEED another big box superstore in the Everglades. 


The cats are NOT the problem. We are. 


That said, we all have to work together to do anything we can to stem the tide of our environmental loss. Just as I agree that Mr. Greenberg makes fine points about our cats and their diets, I believe the American Bird Conservancy and Audubon do a good job in raising the profile of this issue.


Just as I give HSUS kudos when they attack an issue I care about (despite my unwillingness to give them one dime), I respect the work of ANY organization that furthers the message of keeping cats indoors. It's what's best for cats, after all. 

2
by on 03/26/2009 11:45pm

Tip for Lorri M: Don't know where you live nor how many cats you have, but if you have more than a few buying Equine Pine from your feed store by FAR will save you tons of money. You get 2/x the quantity or 40 lbs. for $8/bag vs. 20 lbs. for $9-10+/per bag. Many of us have our credit cards on file and the feed store delivers as well. Plus their food supplies often exceed pet supply stores for less money and with higher protein content/nutrients. Check it out if one exists anywhere near you.

3
by on 03/26/2009 11:40pm

Dr. K. -

I truly cannot believe what my eyes just read in your response to Jake; cats are NOT the main reason for wildlife's demise. It's MAN. ANY responsible cat owner/rescuer abides by it's best to keep pet cats indoors, and the majority of us will NOT adopt to outdoor situations. But to side with the idiocy and extremism of the American Bird Conservancy is NOT the way to go. For pets, yes. TNR is for strays and ferals; are you saying they deserve to DIE? My dogs have killed more mourning doves in my backyard and a hawk my beloved woodpecker among others in my front yard than ANY cat. Now even energy efficiency like wind and other alternate fuel sources are being written up as MAJORITY causes of bird depletion in addition to habitat loss and chemicals. Shame on you for supporting unscientific, ill-begotten superstitions. I haven't yet read your blog on the HUGE spay/neuter project undertaken in Miami this past weekend but 13 of the cats sterilized were from ME. None are outside anymore, none eat birds, all need adoptive homes, I fully support cats being indoors, but I do NOT SUPPORT THE BIRD CONSERVANCY NOR THE AUDOBON SOCIETY'S VIEWS ON OUTSIDE/FERAL/STRAY CATS.

Lee/Miami







4
by on 03/25/2009 08:47pm

I HATE fish... soo some of the cats can have my share. :)

5
by on 03/24/2009 08:28pm

I suppose Mr. Greenberg is too busy chasing shadows to realize that some dog foods contain fish as well, not to mention actually research the biology behind feline digestive needs.


 


My cats eat a food made of duck and green pea.  No corn.  No wheat.  No fish.  My husband says they eat better than he does.

6
by on 03/24/2009 01:02pm

I can't remember who it was now, but there was a comedian who made a point about indoor cats.  He said that married men live 7 years longer than single men, just like indoor cats.  And just like an indoor cat the married man sits and looks out at a strange and wonderful world that they can both never experience!


My cat is a complete indoor cat (unless he escapes) and he will stay that way.  It is actually illegal here to let your cat roam outside of your yard.

7
by on 03/24/2009 12:37pm

Jake: Preachin' to the choir. I've had cause to be the center of lots of angry comments whenever I've posted on this. I'm a huge supporter of TNR but only by way of stabilizing the problem and minimizing the impact of cats on the environment. Ultimately, I'm with the American Bird Conservancy. Their Cats Indoors education program is the way to go. I've also posted on the use of outdoor cat enclosures as a viable alternative. 


Not only is keeping cats indoors best for our wildlife, it's what's best for individual cats (no cars, no trees to fall from, fewer cat bite abscesses, etc.). After all, it's not hard to take your cat for a leashed stroll or make outdoor time available in a controlled setting. Remember, back in the 50's our society made a shift towards keeping dogs indoors by requiring owners to leash and contain them. It's high time we started considering the same for our kitties. 


People may argue the stats on bird losses due to cats, but we all know what a properly motivated cat can do when their hunting instinct gets the better of them. 

8
by on 03/24/2009 08:57am

If you really want to stoke the fires, write an entry about various states looking into a take on feral cats as a way to decrese their impact on native wildlife. It is a little old but I think you would get far more comments on that topic. BTW I love cats, I have had cats as pets and I loved them dearly, I think they make great pets, but keep em indoors people.

9
by on 03/24/2009 12:57am

My cat almost died this last weekend (She fell thirty feet from a tree).  When I saw the article shortly thereafter I was shocked--because while we didn't know if she was going to make it I was thinking of all of the funny  and loving things she did that I would miss.  Like sprint around my apartment every night at ten pm religiously.  Or throw herself a mouse toy.  Or make a beeping sound right after my alarm clock goes off in the morning , then purr like a lawn mower, because she missed me that much while I was sleeping.  I was in the middle of all this angst and then happened across this article and thought for sure this guy must be making coco up.  No way could someone just lose a family member and rejoice in the fact that it wasn't depleting fish stocks anymore.  It wouldn't even cross his radar.  I think he just wanted to write about the environmental impact of pets, needed a leeway, and made up a pet.  (By the way, my cat made it.  Amazing, that one.  They must really have nine lives.)

10
by on 03/23/2009 09:48pm

I take my used feline pine, scoop the poop out of it and compost it...there I've reduced my cat's carbon footprint.


 


I wonder personally what Mr. Greenberg's carbon footprint is.....

11
by on 03/23/2009 08:25pm

I feel sorry for Mr. Greenberg that all he can think of after losing his cat is about the cat's carbon footprint. While he may be listing valid points about environmental issues, using the death of his cat as the catalyst for the article makes a mockery of the bond between cats and their humans.

12
by on 03/23/2009 08:04pm

Mr Greenberg may have wanted to illustrate a valid point, but did so in a callous and damaging way, treading into making a mockery of pet loss & grief. Surely, he could have thought of a better way to send a message without being "anti-cat".



Every time I think of environmental issues, like others, I think of landfills of disposable diapers. (as one who grew up helping to fold mountains of cloth ones)


Barbara A./NH


13
by on 03/23/2009 07:13pm

I guess nurseries better start removing fish meal from their shelves.  And my pet fish just ate some dried shrimp. 


As someone who owns 1 dog, 5 cats, 4 rabbits, fish, and 2 guinea pigs.  Having a vegeterian pet may not do any good in lowering one's carbon foot print.  Vegetables should be a big component of a rabbit and guinea pig's diet.  And not all of us have the luxury of buying cavy and rabbit friendly veges locally or affordably.  My main grocery store trucks a lot of stuff in from California.  Considering I live in Illinois, that's a sizble chunk of CO2.

14
by on 03/23/2009 06:36pm

Hmmm... Maybe someone should read this article to whales, seals, sealions and sharks - teach them to eat things we don't want to eat (which is really what's bothering him, isn't it?... "what's left for ME?").  How about seaweed?  Sure seems to be a lot of that going around.... oh, wait, that's dying off too.  How about sand, can they eat sand?  I mean, if cats can be vegans, surely sea mammals can eat sand...

15
by on 03/23/2009 06:07pm

So, is Greenberg basically listing another angle that the 'pro pet-extinction' zealots like PETA can bring up as justification of their worldview? I mean, not only are these poor animals our SLAVES, but their very lives THREATEN OUR ECOLOGY and steal food from the mouths of the starving too! Wouln't a sweet, painless death be so much better for them, and for us all?


Sickening.


 


 

16
by on 03/23/2009 06:01pm

PJ ... you may not think it's about cats, "really," but I've already fielded phone calls from other nat'l media wanting to interview experts on "how a cat can be vegan."


(Answer: No problem, if you want a sick or dead cat. Two words: Obligate. Carnivore.)

17
by on 03/23/2009 05:05pm

Wow, I didn't think Greenberg's piece was really about cats at all.  "scooped out of the sea and flown thousands of carbon-belching miles to reach his little blue bowl", "land-based farm animals stick to land-grown feed", "rising demand, particularly from Asia, is fueling a perilous trend to “reduce” bigger and more valuable wild fish into pig, chicken and fish feed"  Looks more like "grow and feed local" message to me.  I remember when cat food wasn't pervaded by fish products and we didn't ship food round the world for no better reason than we "want" it despite equally nutritious local fare.  Don't really have a problem with him using his cat as an example that we should all be seriously considering the impact of all our little choices on the planet.

18
by on 03/23/2009 04:58pm

What Sarah said.

And on a less gracious note, NOBODY with kids better ever get into me about my cats (and that does NOT mean I'm against having kids!)...all the carbon footprints of all the cats I've ever had and will have would, I am quite certain, fit easily inside one little-piggy-toe-print of one American child--if looking at use of resources is the real point of all this.

Which it may not be. The whole environmental concern area has unfortunately become, for many people, just another kind of Fundamentalism. And like all forms of Fundamentalism, does more harm than good. How much more productive in whatever area to suggest alternatives, share one's own successes, and so on, than to hurl accusations or even imply that people should stop doing things they are just not going to stop doing...like having pets. Or children.

19
by on 03/23/2009 04:28pm

I've never liked the whole, "How can you care about _________ when there are children starving in Africa/people dying of AIDS/baby seals being clubbed to death/glaciers melting at alarming rates/insert global or social catastrophy here" argument as a way to diminish the validity of being concerned about the smaller issues. That said, his article seems off base, loosely tying in cats to fulfill the role of the bad guy that we can never the less relate to.


Certainly the pet food industry is playing a role in the depeltion of our oceans but the focus on kitty really doesn't make sense to me - even as a segway into what we can do to reduce our impact - because it ignores other pets like dogs and ferrets and other carnivorous animals that are commonly kept, and also fails to point out that we can reduce our impact on the oceans by eating less farmed fish and less factory meat ourselves - implied but not explicitly stated. (My three cats eat 9oz of meat total a day, probably a lot less than many individual humans.)


Instead of making ill-considered and harmful suggestions like feeding cats vegan food (inhumane) or not adopting cats (which doesn't solve the problem - those cats are in shelters still need to eat), it would make more sense to advocate feeding foods that don't contain fish and are made with grass-fed land animals (which realistically probably means feeding a raw diet or cooking your own pet food.)


Certainly cats have an impact on the environment and it's something that, as a cat owner, I think of on a regular basis. Rather than giving up cat ownership, which brings me joy and gives homes to cats that would otherwise languish in shelters or be euthanized, I take steps to minimize the environmental imact my cats have. I do this by feeding raw (locally grown organic when possible), using biodegradable litter made from recycled materials (again, as much as possible), using reclaimed materials to make cat toys, recycling any cat related garbage that can be recycled and so forth. I also take steps to reduce the impact my overall household has on the environment through living responsibly and ethically as I can (and I consider the cats an extension of myself and my household.)


I figure my choice not to have children more than makes up for the dozens (or possibly hundreds) of cats I will likely own through out the course of my life. :P


It just seems like the role of cats in this article is way overblown when there's so many other, less harmful ways we can reduce our impact on the oceans. Or hell, even better ways to reduce the impact our cats have on the environment. Cats get enough of a bad rap is it is.

20
by on 03/23/2009 04:27pm

I dunno, Anne. The title and his point-couterpoint approach were pretty much all about cats. Sure, he has a larger story to tell but this op piece was undeniably targeting the cat. Had he used his cat as a lead-in and alluded more broadly at the bigger picture I could have let it go. As I said, he's got great points but his take on his own cat smacks of uncaring "kitty-exploitation.";-)

21
by on 03/23/2009 04:12pm

I really didn't read the article in such a negative light, first of all he does not single out cats at all, he points to factory farming of fish, poultry, pigs etc. as also contributing in a large scale way to the depletion of ocean fish.  I think the cat was just a way into the story but to pet lovers like ourselves, the pet angle may seem like the central point.


 


Many environmental writers look at small choices as contributing or reinforcing large scale things like the agricultural industry's effect on the environment.  Pet food is but one aspect but one I haven't seen written about before - but along with explaining reasons why one might want to eat locally grown food, organic, vegetarian or vegan, here is someone saying let's examing the impact of our pets and how we feed them.   Take it or leave it but I personally have no problem with someone raising the issue.  And the "you're a hypocrite" response is understandable, but to me, each of us should do what we can, rather than make it an all or nothing thing - you can't advocate recycling or riding a bike unless you're also eating vegan, heating your house with solar and brushing your teeth with tree bark etc, etc, etc.   All of us can do something, even if we can't do everything.  This writer may get a vegetarian pet next time, I may choose chicken rather than ocean fish next time I buy cat food.  Someone else may come up with a less impactful way to feed our pets, but nobody will if nobody is supposed to raise the issue.

22
by on 03/23/2009 04:07pm

Gina: How is it you always seem to say it better? In fewer words, even.


And Margot: Nicely done. I can't say that I could argue in favor of catdom for anyone who finds solace in the environmental aspects of his pet's death.

23
by on 03/23/2009 03:51pm

That's funny...I have a family member that is extremely allergic to fish, and can't feed any cat food that has fish in it.


The choices are a bit limited, but I haven't had trouble finding fish-free meals for my two cats.


If this is the limits of his research ability, I can't say that I'm optimistic about the quality of his forthcoming book.

24
by on 03/23/2009 03:45pm

If it weren't for industrial pollution and ignorant fishing regulations, there would (theoretically) be plenty of fish to spare. I think it would do more good for fish to put effort into fishery management reform than discourage the ownership of carnivorous pets!


I do remember feeling very odd about cat food when we first got our cats -- knowing that their food was made with meat from factory farms -- but also feeling that it was more sustainable to accept "pet quality" meat from whatever source, than just to have those resources wasted. (Comparison: the local big cat conservatory feeds donated caged "downer" chickens from local egg farms to its cats.)


But when it comes to conservation -- it's hard to say what bothers me about this sort of perspective. I think the whole metaphor of a "reduced footprint", and the accompanying image of a pristine, untrodden landscape doesn't really resonate with me. Earth is our home, the place where love and relationships happen -- and that includes the love that we share with our pets. What am I saving the earth for, if not for that? I don't think that justifies selfish, careless, or indulgent use of resources, but I do think that the frivolous guilt tripping the NYT article exemplifies needs to be tempered with a more generous perspective.

25
by on 03/23/2009 03:41pm

Well, when I go to get my next cat(s), there will be a test.  The winners will be the felines that prefer the "sliced beef in gravy" kitty food vs. the "buffet o' the sea" food.


Problem solved!


(We'll not discuss the 4 wild sockeye filets in my freezer, or the flounder filets, or the amount of shrimp and crab I've consumed in the past year.)

26
by on 03/23/2009 03:37pm

Hey. Dr. K .... sync! http://www.petconnection.com/blog

27
by on 03/23/2009 03:25pm

Since I couldn't find Mr. Greenberg's email address, I sent the following to the New York Times.  (You're limited to 150 words.)


-----------------------------------


In which Mr. Greenberg blames the cat for the excesses of the pet food industry.  In what desert seas did the proto-cat find that staple of its diet -- fish?  Mr. Greenberg may know a lot about fish, but he appears to know little about cats or carnivores.

Vegan cat food?   Cats are obligate carnivores; they need meat. They may live on a diet designed to salve an owners conscience, but not well.

Growing soy has it's own share of environmental impacts.  Vegan/vegeterian is not synonymous with sustainable.   While I adore guinea pigs, they, too, have an impact on the environment.

I do hope Mr. Greenberg never gets another cat.

28
by on 03/23/2009 02:59pm

Well, next time I see a cat taking a boat out fishing I'll yell "Bad Kitty!" at them.


Until then I think I'll just keep noticing it's choices that people make that are depleting the oceans. Cats are just another by-product in that debate....

29
by on 03/23/2009 02:59pm

Mr. Greenburg is in serious need of a life. Let's see - we're still in Iraq, the world is in a state of financial chaos, there's genocide in Darfur and he's worried about his cat's carbon footprint. And yes, I know you can worry about lots of things big and small.



But really, does Mr. Greenburg drive on biodeisel, recycle and compost, have only 5-star energy efficient appliances, never use paper towsels, use disposable diapers on his kids?



This reminds me of the person at my annual holiday party who criticized my use of paper goods. I smiled and pointed out that my I could use paper goods everyday and not equal the amount of poo-poo diapers her three kids have deposited in landfills.

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About fully vetted

Patty Khuly, VMD, MBA

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Dr. Khuly is a former petMD blogger and small animal veterinarian in Miami, Florida, where she practices medicine at Sunset Animal Clinic and serves on the board of the South Florida Veterinary Medical Association. She is a graduate of Wellesley College, the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, and The Wharton School of Business.

As a significant sideline, she writes...a lot. She authors pet health columns for USA Today, The Miami Herald and Vetstreet. She also writes a popular monthly column for Veterinary Practice News and serves as regular contributor to Veterinary Economics, The Bark, and the Veterinary News Network.

Dr. Khuly lives in South Miami with her brood of hens, goats, dogs, cats...and humans.

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