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Dr. Coates is a veterinarian based in the other “Sunshine State” – that's Colorado to the rest of you – where she lives and plays with a varied range of animals. She shares her professional and personal experiences, Monday through Friday, here on petMD's blog, the Fully Vetted. Log in for your daily dose of her insight and wisdom.

 

Fat dogs and legal remedies: One vet's perspective

March 31, 2008 / (21) comments


I guess if the Slentrol isn’t an option and the diets haven’t yet worked  there’s always an animal cruelty charge someone can levy to light a fire under you butt. That’s what the owners of Rusty-the-morbidly-obese-British-wonder-dog came to know when his owners found their dog confiscated for cruelly facilitating his 161-pound obesity.

As reported diligently by Itchmo (sadly I can’t reference it now since it’s on indefinite hiatus), Rusty’s recovery out of his owners’ sight went smoothly. He lost almost 40% of his body mass and regained a more normal orthopedic capacity for a dog his age (a ten year-old Labrador retriever). It was an indisputable victory for the canine organism known as Rusty. But what was the end result?

I could list five or six such cats and dogs under my medical care. They are morbidly obese in ways most of us here would deem horrific. Their existence begs the question: How?

In most cases it’s pretty simple. Their owners believe that the amount of food they’re feeding is barely sufficient to sustain life. They fear malnutrition more than they do the discomfort and disease evident to the rest of us. They perceive their animals’ life will be made significantly worse under the strain of a weight loss regimen. Whatever benefit might result isn’t worth the pain of the process, they reckon.

We’d disagree. Some of us so much we’d cut ‘em off. That means ridding them of their pet and their pet of his or her home. That’s pretty heavy stuff (never mind the pun).

As much as we might mourn for a pet bound to the strain of his weight for the rest of her life, the deprivation of her home life might pose a worse condition, depending on her personality. What are our communities’ resources for such undertakings? Would we ever consider similar measures for humans?

Then why for Rusty?

As wrongheaded and cruel as his owners might have been in allowing the extremes of weight gain to persist (failing to seek veterinary care for 17 months was part of the evidence against them) was it reasonable to single out this family for its inadequacies? What shortcomings do you have when it comes to your children’s, your homes,’ your parents,’ your finances or your pets’ care? 

Is it appropriate for the law to intervene at a cost society is indisputably unable to bear were your situation addressed routinely? Is it even fair to do so?

Rusty’s life is almost certainly much better now. He can breathe more freely. He can move with less pain. And he’s back with his owners. But his individual weight loss cost his British citizens a pretty penny (three thousand pounds). What is the cost/benefit analysis of this situation? Has litigating this case been worth the deterrent value it may pose for those who would allow their pets free choice kibble for life, in spite of their obesity?

I don’t know the answer. But I do know that while I believe Rusty’s owners are guilty of cruelty as charged, I can name hundreds of cases sourced from my own experience that I’d rather see prosecuted.

So why this case? Why make obesity the poster child for animal cruelty? Is this a British thing? Do the British prosecute animal cruelty far more assiduously than we do? God knows quite a few of my clients might be in hot water were this trend to leap the pond.

I’d love nothing better for us to thoroughly prosecute animal cruelty offenses. But arguably, this one’s not going to do much to enlighten negligent owners that legal trouble lurks in the wings for those who would supply a bottomless bowl of kibble for Fido to gorge on.

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COMMENTS (21)
1
by on 04/09/2008 09:44am

Despite controlled, measured feedings, a regular exercise program, and repeated consults with my vet, as well" as thyroid testing,"

Shellie, you might want to slap me around for this question, but was it a 6 panel thyroid?

2
by on 04/03/2008 08:47pm

Uh...I meant I'd gladly keep her for the rest of "MY" life. Keeping her for the rest of "her" life is a given. ;-)

3
by on 04/03/2008 08:46pm

Hey...I'll take thin and almost blind if I can get my girl to 15 and beyond. Barring being in pain, I'd happily keep her for the rest of her life. (With the spectre of various geriatric conditions starting to loom, I've been known to say, "It'll be my privilege to..." make needed accommodations for my darling girl as she enters her autumn years. It's the least I can do!)

You can imagine, then, when I made my semi-frequent, (somewhat) joking comment,

"I've decided she's going to live to be 20,"

...to a man who responded (about his German Shepherd),

"No, 12 years is plenty."

WTF?!?

That kind of attitude is almost assuredly driven by the kind of irresponsible ownership that led to the development of an unruly, poorly-behaved dog. Yes, if you don't train your dog, I can imagine it's a misery to live with for one day, let alone 12 or more years. But sheesh! Some simple training and the dog's a joy to be around, and you might...just might, mind you...enjoy the time you spend with it, and not want it to end.

4
by on 04/03/2008 04:29pm

Marjorie, Excellent point and post--thank you! A week or so ago, bringing in my oldest and elderly dog to the clinic, garnered a few unsolicited comments from unknown clients. I was disgusted and insulted, but abruptly and curtly replied without 'letting loose'...

My elderly dog (pearl's dam) is to be 15 1/2 tomorrow, almost completely blind, thin with muscle atrophy, and I bandage her lower abdomen daily because of a bleeding mammary tumor. Well, I guess to a few ignorant folks, this may appear "uncaring" or lacking medical attention--or whatever!! I had all I could do to stifle a "you would be so lucky to have your dog this long in this good of condition" comment.

Her appointment a few days ago, determined advancement of possible brain tumor or stroke. It appears that this has resolved somewhat, and she has some albeit limited quality time left. She has rejoined the other "5" for her ritualistic group "snacks" ---although I have seen her surge forward a few times to mouth a "tail" that she thinks is a treat---we have to be wary about that!

I have a good "eyeball" treatment, that I'll have to post in the virtual hospital---to share a successful alternative to surgery in an elderly dog. Thank you Dr. Khuly for your kind words.

Back on point to the blog, last October '07, when I filed a police report regarding inhumane and illegal euthanasia employed at Dover Veterinary Referral Hosptal (NH), I was bullied, insulted, and pressured to leave without completing a written statement (which I insisted upon). A few weeks later, this same police department (broadcast on NH TV news) arrested a local man for NOT going back for FOLLOWUP care for his dog's leg wound at the VET's office----I just about barfed over the hypocrisy.

5
by on 04/03/2008 12:58pm

OMG, Dr. Khuly! Read it! Loved it! ...My world, too...clearly.

I'll never forget one incident. My husband and I had been to our car dealership, to look at a new model. The salesman who helped us then spotted me, a week or so later, when I was waiting in line at the service desk, with my dog in tow. (The dealership was just the right distance for a nice, early-morning walk. So, when I have to drop-off the car for some reason, I take her with me, and we walk home together.)

He came over and leaned-in as though he was about to share a secret. "Feed your dog," he whispered. He was foreign (Iranian, I think), and his accent had me unsure if I'd heard him correctly. My smooth-sided, super-fit, muscular dog is the picture of physical fitness. Could he possibly be suggesting something so inaccurate, so hurtful; I wasn't feeding my dog???

"Pardon," I replied. "Feed your dog," he reiterated. This time, it was clear. But I just couldn't believe it. He wasn't asking. He was not only stating that my dog was improperly too thin, but that I was to blame for not feeding her, apparently. It was surreal.

I was so flabbergasted, I just couldn't believe I'd heard him correctly. I said something like, "Yes, she's a great dog," since people typically say how beautiful she is, or how well-behaved. ...That was sort of an automatic response. Thankfully, it was my turn at the counter, so I turned and stepped-up to the desk.

Afterwards, though, I seriously considered asking him to call my veterinarian who, just days earlier was saying that she wished she had my dog on-hand to demonstrate what a fit dog looks like, to her other clients.

How about the sheer volume of food I provide? (I responded to the entry about the costs of dog ownership. I limited it to food, since that was plenty enough:

http://www.dolittler.com/index.cfm/2008/3/27/pet.v...

I don't think you can accuse someone of starving her dog when she spends at least an hour a day hand-feeding at least 5 meals per day, costing over $500 a month, for food alone. It's just not fair.)

But as I said, with the proliferation of obesity in pets, I think the general public has almost forgotten what a fit dog looks like. I'm comforted by the studies showing slender animals live much longer than those which are overweight, or even "normal" weight. Since my fit, 9-year-old Dane is routinely mistaken for a puppy, maybe they're onto something?

I guess the real issue is the judgement from afar, without having all the facts, or any real expertise to speak of.

It's a funny thing...the things people say about dogs (or to their owners) that they probably wouldn't feel so comfortable saying about the people they meet. People are openly much nicer to dogs (and their owners) than they are to the people they meet who don't have dogs with them. I sometimes wonder how different our world would be if, when I'd meet you...say...on the street, even as a stranger, I greeted you with the same, "Hello, sweetheart," I lavish on most dogs.

The flipside is, people have equally little compunction about saying some of the most hurtful things to dogs (and their owners).

My dog, for example, has idiopathic leg tremors. They don't hurt her, or otherwise cause her any difficulty. (I don't think she even notices them.) But those who don't assume she's cold, or frightened, or excited, sometimes make weird faces, and treat her like a leper. One woman made sure I overheard her telling another person at a dog park, "That's not right," over and over again, with a sour look on her face as she pointed out my dog's tremors. I'm telling you, it was all I could do not to look at her dog and ask, "Is he quite ill?"

(Actually, what I sometimes do is point out that the other owners of dogs with leg tremors I've met have all had one thing in common: their dogs all lived to be quite old. Leg tremors can't be all bad, then, can they?)

But, in the end, I'm just not childish enough to play that retaliatory game. Better yet, I don't make judgements in areas where I have no expertise. I wish more people adhered to that ideology.

6
by on 04/03/2008 09:21am

Marjorie. Welcome to my world. I'm constantly told that my ten year-old Sophie is too skinny. Here's a post on this:
http://www.dolittler.com/index.cfm/2008/2/20/pet.v...

7
by on 04/02/2008 12:46am

Not sure about the UK, but every vet I have visited has a poster on the wall of dog breeds and their ideal weight. Also some posters have an image of a dog, including ribs that you can feel. It at least gives you some idea of what your dog should weigh, and weighing them is one of the first things you are asked to do when you visit a vet - the weighing machine is in the waiting room in most places.

Just saying that if a dog is regularly taken to a vet, and these posters are up, or the vet comments, then ignorance cannot really be an excuse.

I guess I am lucky in that my dog self regulates - he only eats as much as he needs - always has. And doesn't beg for food.

8
by on 04/01/2008 05:14pm

I'm on the other side of the fence. I have a healthy, fit, active, 9-year-old Great Dane that is routinely mistaken for a puppy. ("How old is your puppy?" "She's nine." "Oh, they're so great at nine-months-old." "Uh, sorry...she's nine-YEARS-old." "Really?!?") It is exceedingly difficult to keep weight on this dog. She eats like a horse, but it takes ages to put weight on; though only days to drop several pounds, easy.

There is a huge difference between "fit" and "skinny". With so many overweight dogs around, I'm starting to think people have forgotten what a healthy dog looks like. So some (ahem…idiots) look at my super-fit dog, and call her “skinny,” not knowing that one must be able to see ribs, for a dog to be truly underweight. My girl is nicely muscled, with smooth sides, and not a rib in sight. She has a belly as tight as a drum, and thighs so muscular she’s sometimes mistaken for a Greyhound from behind…and so fat-free, my veterinarian wistfully wished her own thighs were as slim.

So I guess my biggest concerns about criminal liability of this sort would be that any accusations are sufficiently well-founded (i.e. are accurate: the dog really is overweight – or underweight), and there aren’t legitimate medical, practical, or other extenuating circumstances involved.

9
by on 04/01/2008 03:19pm

So sorry Barbara. Whateve you do I'm sure you'll make the right decision.

10
by on 04/01/2008 12:45pm

How many morbidly obese children do you see? Have any of them been taken away and parents charged for cruelty?

Of course I feel that these owners are horribly misguided and ignorant. Perhaps this dog is hypothyroid or has a metabolic problem, who knows?

I find it nothing short of amazing that the cruelty patrol can find an obese pet, well publicize the case, yet an owner that cares every bit for their pet, including "letting them go", when appropriate, can suffer huge anguish at the hands of licensed "animal professionals" and not a single animal welfare group is outraged.

The hypocrisy here in New Hampshire, doesn't get any bigger than that. I call it "licensed torture and murder" , for those not informed "Pocket's Story from NH" or http://walnut-hill.bravehost.com

The grief and sadness I feel for my oldest dog (Pearl's dam) is overwhelming as she has suffered a stroke or advancement of a brain tumor on Sunday. And if she doen't recover (on prescribed treatment) within the next few days , I will seek to have her humanely euthanized, because I LOVE her with all my heart.

11
by on 04/01/2008 11:48am

Oh my, I remember seeing that picture. What a shame to let a dog get that fat.

I work with rescue, rescuing a breed that normally weighs in about 20-25 lbs. We put a dog in a forever foster home one time, he weighed 23 lbs. (down from 32 lbs., but that's another story.) Eleven weeks later, he tipped the scales OVER at 38 lbs. The foster family was angry and indignant when we told them he was too fat and demanded he be picked up immediately. I took him back and in a year I had him at his proper weight - 16 lbs. I did not starve him - he got a small amount of a good quality dry dog food - and I filled him up with green beans. He got a half dry dog biscuit when the other dogs got a whole one. He was not deprived, but he WAS fed properly. Our vet supervised his care, and the pounds melted off. Needless to say, he has not gone anywhere - I am not about to take the weight off him a 3rd time! It has been two years since his big loss, he has kept the weight off and he is an elderly gentleman with a heart murmur - but I am confident I will have him a few years longer.

I am just glad this dog was placed as a foster ( due to unrelated health problems) and we could re-possess! I admit I am shocked at the size of the dogs that are turned in from the owners - 9 times out of ten they are overweight. There is no reason for fat dogs. As someone posted about their car that just couldn't lose - once you find out the problem (assuming it's not just a heavy hand with the kibble!), the pet can lose weight. As is usual with 99% of pet problems, obesity is caused by well intentioned or just lazy owners.

As for removing the dog (or any pet) because of obesity and putting the animal on a diet at tax-payers expense, no, I don't think so. What's next? Removing the puppy because the owner wants to crop its ears or have it neutered? Removing the pet because the owner wants to feed it ordinary kibble rather than one of the high end brands? Or just because the owner feeds kibble rather than raw feeding or cooking for the pet? See where this can go? No, while I am sorry for all the dogs out there that are not enjoying life as they should because of extra weight, there are too many that are being gassed or shot in shelters. Sorry, THOSE are the ones I am worrying about.

12
by on 04/01/2008 11:21am

As Heather points out, obesity isn't always a straightforward case of overeating and overindulgence. I had a ferret who became quite obese (the poor guy looked like a furry eggplant) as a result of IBD (an unusual but not unheard of side effect, although weight loss is more common). We adopted him when he was already overweight--but anybody seeing us with him could easily have jumped to the conclusion that we were irresponsibly letting this ferret stuff himself. We gradually got his weight down through restricted feeding and exercise, but since he was on prednisone it was always a struggle to keep his weight at a normal range. It would have been pretty emotionally devastating to be accused of animal cruelty when we were doing so much to try to keep him healthy.

13
by on 04/01/2008 09:36am

It would be interesting to think that someday, the only animal offenses there are to charge for are related to owners killing their pets with kindness, as they say. But for now, it appears to me there are many (MANY) animal offenses going uninvestigated and unpunished. Can't comment on the UK, but if we had spare resources in the US for prosecuting cruelty cases, I'd like to see it spent on cases like PETA's tax exempt status.

14
by on 04/01/2008 09:27am

Why this case? Why not?

I have to deal all the time with 'why pick on veal when foie gras is worse? What complain about dehorning without anesthesia when castration without anesthesia is worse? Why look into dog tethering when elephant picketing is worse.' etc etc etc. Not to mention, we can't cover rats under the animal welfare act because their is too many of them. Seriously, too many of them need coverage, so we can't do it.

It seems to me that if something needs fixing, and someone has the will and the means to fix it, they should. Otherwise we will just hold the door open for each other indefinfitely but no one will go through.

15
by on 03/31/2008 11:42pm

I have to say, in relation to cats and obesity, I had one such obese cat. He topped out at 25 lbs BUT it was not due to my overindulgence but improper diet. I dilegently counted out his prescription weight loss kibbles every day for his restricted portions (1/8 cup) that were fed twice a day as he followed me around crying from starvation. The vet's chart kept saying owner non-compliance and keep cutting back the portions as my cat kept gaining weigh. 1/4 cup a day is hardly overfeeding. Until the day my cat was diagnosed with diabetes. That's when I found out about proper nutrition and how most vets are not trained in nutrition. A simple diet change and the weight has melted off. 2 years and over 10 lbs later, I now have cat that needs cosmetic surgery.
You can't always blame obesity on owner noncompliance.

16
by on 03/31/2008 09:17pm

There's got to be a more constructive way of dealing with the problem than resorting to confiscating the pet, that's just nuts.

Just imagine if we did that with kids. Half the 5th graders in the country would be in pudgy-prison.

17
by on 03/31/2008 09:15pm

Both dogs swim whenever the opportunity arises (they're Labs, and of course they LOOOOVE water!). Here in PA that's mostly from May to early October; where we live there are rivers, lakes, and ponds everywhere, within a short driving distance. I agree it's great exercise, and they tolerate it well; but working the hours I do, I can't get them swimming as often as I'd like. But I (and my vet) agree that it's one of the best activities for them. Of course, the activity convinces Gracie that I'm trying to starve her and she will do her damnedest to steal food wherever and whenever she can. I have to keep the cats' food in the laundry room with a strategically placed baby gate about 8 inches from the floor; the cats can come and go freely, but the dogs are kept out.

18
by on 03/31/2008 08:32pm

Shellie - Have you though about hydrotherapy? You know, letting the dogs swim? I would think that would be good for the arthritis. A lot of dogs recovering from surgery use hydrotherapy.

19
by on 03/31/2008 08:30pm

I agree that something needs to be done w/owners who allow their pets to become morbidly obese, and I do think it's a form of animal cruelty, but I'm not sure having the animal treated at the taxpayer's expense is the answer. I say fine them - heavily - until they comply w/a veterinarians recommendations regarding weight loss.

20
by on 03/31/2008 08:23pm

While I agree that this case is troublesome, and I have no firmly-formed opinion on whether Rusty's case should have been a priority for prosecution (as compared to other animal cruelty cases in the same jurisdiction), I disagree with your last paragraph.

A healthy pet animal cannot become morbidly obese against his owners' will. The owners of obese dogs (and cats) do not perceive themselves as abusive, although they are directly causing pain and suffering to the animal they claim to "love." A clear-cut case in which an owner was found guilty of cruelty for doing exactly as they do may be exactly what some of these people need in order to be convinced that they are abusing their animal.

I don't think that owners who make their pets obese do so because they perform a calculus that tells them that their animal will suffer more under a weight-loss regimen than it will from obesity and its attendant diseases and disabilities. They overfeed their animals because it makes THEM -- the owners -- "feel good" about themselves. Because it pleases THEM to perceive themselves as the all-powerful-givers-of-food-as-love. They don't deny their animals exercise because they have computed that the exercise is distressing to the beasts -- they do it because they themselves are lazy. Obese pets are about maladaptive, needy, selfish *humans* using the animal to meet their own emotional shortcomings.

I repossessed a dog I had placed as a puppy four years ago. He was "luuuuvvvved" by people who failed to meet his most basic physical, behavioral, and medical needs. The owner told me that they hoped that he would "calm down" when he got "old and fat." Dog is four years old -- long-lived, athletic breed. When I took him back, he had severe, never-treated orthopedic injuries from major trauma (HBC) two years prior and weighed SEVENTY-EIGHT POUNDS. His healthy weight, which took some months to reach, but was not difficult to attain with moderate exercise and diet, is close to fifty pounds.

While therapy and glycoflex have helped with the pelvis and back issues, I figure that 90% of evident diminishment in his chronic pain levels are due to the weight loss and gain in muscle mass.

I believe this dog was abused, as surely as if he had been chained out and beaten. No doubt his former owners would disagree. If they knew about people being prosecuted for overfeeding their dogs to the point of pain and suffering, maybe they would have thought twice about intentionally producing obesity as a behavior-management strategy.

21
by on 03/31/2008 08:03pm

I have been fighting the battle of the bulge with my Gracie (yes, another chocolate Lab) for the past several years. Despite controlled, measured feedings, a regular exercise program, and repeated consults with my vet, as well as thyroid testing, etc., she's still overweight (but nowhere near the chart-topping, heart-stopping 161-lb. Rusty). Absolutely nothing seems to get Grace under the 87 lb. mark. And sister Sadie gets the same regimen,though slightly less restrictive, and stays a reasonable 78 lbs. Is there something in the genes of the English line of Labs that predisposes them to obesity? (Sadie is an "American" type Lab). Granted, neither is a "working" dog, and their exercise tolerance is limited due to hip dysplasia in both. I am at my wits end with the weight issue; but I would be devastated to be accused of animal cruelty; as I do shelter work and fostering. I have concerns about the use of drugs for weight loss, in both dogs and humans, so I'm not at all sure Slentrol would be the answer. Even if it worked in the short term, I would guess that the weight would return once the drug was stopped, as I have seen in so many humans.So where else does a concerned owner turn when all other reasonable methods have failed?

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About fully vetted

Patty Khuly, VMD, MBA

Photo of Dr Khuly

Dr. Khuly is a former petMD blogger and small animal veterinarian in Miami, Florida, where she practices medicine at Sunset Animal Clinic and serves on the board of the South Florida Veterinary Medical Association. She is a graduate of Wellesley College, the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, and The Wharton School of Business.

As a significant sideline, she writes...a lot. She authors pet health columns for USA Today, The Miami Herald and Vetstreet. She also writes a popular monthly column for Veterinary Practice News and serves as regular contributor to Veterinary Economics, The Bark, and the Veterinary News Network.

Dr. Khuly lives in South Miami with her brood of hens, goats, dogs, cats...and humans.

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