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Dr. Coates is a veterinarian based in the other “Sunshine State” – that's Colorado to the rest of you – where she lives and plays with a varied range of animals. She shares her professional and personal experiences, Monday through Friday, here on petMD's blog, the Fully Vetted. Log in for your daily dose of her insight and wisdom.

 

Surgical disasters in vet medicine'¦a long-distance consult on a case gone wrong

September 27, 2007 / (5) comments


At the risk of courting oodles of personal emails on the subject of individual pet healthcare issues (beyond the heaps I already receive), I’m going to recount one particular correspondent’s tragic story.

This tale had me asking my vet friends for advice, soliciting opinions from human docs, and generally kept me up at night wondering what I would do in a similar situation. Here’s the story (modified somewhat to protect the innocent, undeserving or indefensible, whichever the case may be—you decide):

A reader in New York sent me an email after her dog’s pyometra surgery went awry. (A pyometra is an infected uterus common to older unspayed females. It’s usually treated as an emergency by spaying the bitch and administering antibiotics.)

Unfortunately, this not-so-simple spay resulted in the inadvertent snip of a vital structure which connects the bladder to the kidney: AKA, the ureter. This is not a common complication but it is listed among those more likely to occur during any urogenital surgery (due to the small size of the ureters and their ability to hide among fatty abdominal flesh).

Problem is, the ureter is absolutely essential because it carries urine from the kidney to the bladder. Without it, the kidney is a useless, urine-leaking liability rather than the detoxifier and electrolyte tweaking organ it should be.

It used to be that a snipped ureter led always to the removal of the offended kidney. This was true in humans, too, until we discovered that reattaching ureters was possible. But in animal medicine, only board-certified vet surgeons (not exactly a dime a dozen) are accustomed to doing the kind of fancy fingerwork required for this procedure. I, for one, would have no clue how to reattach a ureter.

So it happened that when the ureter was snipped during our girl’s spay, the general practitioner likely did what most of us would do: he panicked. Mustering his courage after the fact, he did the only thing he was trained to do: he surgically removed what he felt to be a now-useless kidney.

Now, this is an accepted way to deal with the very human problem you’ve created in this situation. Just thirty years ago, human medicine would have found the doc doing the same thing in most cases (it’s still done this way in many other countries, by the way). After all, everyone knows that a person can survive on just one kidney. Why else would modern medicine allow kidney donations from live patients?

In this case, however, things continued to spiral out of control. A couple of days later the owner was informed that her dog was in renal failure. Although bloodwork before the surgery showed normal kidney function, things now were not so hot.

So you know, the disease state of pyometra can occasionally ruin the health of the kidneys due to a variety of complicated mechanisms we don’t completely understand. Unfortunately, these mechanisms were apparently on overdrive in this girl’s case. Had she both kidneys, she might still have been in trouble. Now that she had but one, it was far too much to expect her to survive.

Now for the owner’s question: “Did the vet do something wrong? Am I wrong to be angry and upset? What would you have done, Doc?”

And here’s where I run screaming into the night hoping this person’s not actually expecting me to answer her tragic email and pointed questions. Because no matter how I respond, I’m still going to sound like a schmuck.

What would I have done? Considering there’s a specialty hospital right across the street with three surgeons on staff (one of whom I happen to be dating), I think I would have made one hysterical phone call. I would then have curled up into a little ball in the corner of the surgical suite until someone more qualified came to rescue me by reattaching the ureter.

But that’s not a good answer. It’s not really what she wants to know. After all, not every vet has hysterical-call access to a surgeon who will drop everything anytime a tear threatens.

So it is that I have no good answer. This vet certainly acted in accordance with accepted standards of care. But the tragedy of knowing it could have been prevented makes for a pretty stressful series of potential finger-pointings.

I know several vets who have sliced ureters accidentally. Sure, it’s bad—really bad. But things happen when you’re dealing in flesh and blood and the messiness that comes with it. When it’s your pet you want someone to pay-and we vets understand that. But when it happens to us, I guess all we can say is…I’m so sorry.

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COMMENTS (5)
1
by on 06/30/2008 12:33am

I lost a dog to pyometra because her VonWillabrands sp? syndrome (bleeder) made me too nervous to have her spayed (I went against my vet's recommendation). I have no one to blame but myself, and neither does this owner. Just as an aside, I think I saw them reattach the severed ends of a dog's ureter on Animal Planet. It was at Alameda East, the cut ureter ends were too closed to join. If I remember right they stiched the kidney to the abdominal wall to stabilize it, cut a slit in the dog's side into the kidney, and then threaded a fine catheter through the kidney into the ureter, which held open that cut end. Then they threaded another one up through the bladder. I think they were then able to match the two cut ends up and slide them onto one catheter, where they stiched them together. It was the coolest thing.

2
by on 09/27/2007 09:55pm

It is natural and a part of the grieving process to be angry and upset. It's also human nature to point fingers and place blame. I feel so sorry for that pet parent and what she/he went through but it won't help her to try and blame someone for her pet's death. I hope that she/he is able to find peace and also a constructive way to deal with her grief. I'm currently dealing with a loss of a beloved friend and have had to do so many times over the years and I still get angry but not with my vets or myself but at the situation and the loss.

3
by on 09/27/2007 09:42pm

I would grieve the loss of my pet right along side my vet. I know she is competent, and she cares. God knows we ALL make mistakes. And I believe my vet trusts ME enough to tell me the truth and admit if a mistake was made.
Once again, it all boils down to the relationship you have with your vet.

4
by on 09/27/2007 11:52am

All surgery has risk.

Every situation is different and without knowing the resources available to the other vet - and the other complications that may exist with the correspondent's dog, it is very difficult to assess anything. In just about everything, I have come to the conclusion that there is no way to know what we would do in any given situation until we are faced with that situation.

We like to think we know ourselves well enough to know what we would do, but there is no way for us to anticipate all of the various issues that might influence the actions we would engage in.

With that being said, I think you are incredibly brave to say that you would be "curled up in a ball" because it shows you know what you know and what you don't know! Bravo!

Pax,

MLO

5
by on 09/27/2007 10:49am

Wow. I can only imagine how upsetting this would be for everyone involved. I like to think I would be gracious (as the grieving pet owner), assuming the situation was fully and honestly explained to me. I'm not one to feel I have to indefinitely extend my beloved cats' lives; I've learned the hard way that for me, it's worse to wait too long to let go (thereby extending the animals' suffering) than to decide to let go without having TOTAL certainty that there isn't any other reasonable course. It's seldom that one truly has such certainty until so late in the process that the animal has already been through more than I feel is appropriate, given that they can't possibly understand what is happening to them. So I like to think I would have accepted what happened, and that it was time for my pet to go. But.

I suppose a lot has to do with the relationship between the pet owner and the vet...I trust and respect my vet, and that would go a long way toward helping me to let go. In any case, it's not reasonable to think anyone could go along doing such crazy things as cutting around inside a creature without ever making a mistake.

But if it had been my animal, I'd surely have been angry and upset, at least. My grandmother died after elective surgery; there's always been a little corner of my mind that wondered if maybe it was somehow the surgeon's "fault," even though she was old, and there are always risks, and so on. At that time especially, any explanation from the surgeon would probably have sounded more like excuses.

How's that for an answer with no answer? The plain fact is, the vet didn't do anything "wrong" (except to be human, and therefore fallible), AND the client isn't wrong to be angry and upset. No way to get rid of either of those aspects of these very sad situations.

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About fully vetted

Patty Khuly, VMD, MBA

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Dr. Khuly is a former petMD blogger and small animal veterinarian in Miami, Florida, where she practices medicine at Sunset Animal Clinic and serves on the board of the South Florida Veterinary Medical Association. She is a graduate of Wellesley College, the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, and The Wharton School of Business.

As a significant sideline, she writes...a lot. She authors pet health columns for USA Today, The Miami Herald and Vetstreet. She also writes a popular monthly column for Veterinary Practice News and serves as regular contributor to Veterinary Economics, The Bark, and the Veterinary News Network.

Dr. Khuly lives in South Miami with her brood of hens, goats, dogs, cats...and humans.

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